Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replicates within Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) leucocytes and inhibits respiratory burst activity

Vestvik, Nils; Rønneseth, Anita; Kalgraff, Cathrine A.K.; Winther‐Larsen, Hanne C.; Wergeland, Heidrun I.; Haugland, Gyri Teien

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.002

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our study showed that the bacterium infected and replicated well within these cells, and the results concerning the infection pattern were in full accordance with earlier findings where intracellular bacteria were dispersed in the cytosol 24 hpi and intracellular replication was shown (Furevik et al 2011, Vestvik et al 2013.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The advantage of the methods used in the present study is that there is a high accuracy in the measurements and the concentration of drugs and replication of the bacterium are performed directly on the target cells where F. noatunensis subsp. noatunensis hide, reside and replicate (Furevik et al 2011, Vestvik et al 2013. Such analyses are highly relevant, particularly for bacteria that are not obligate pathogens and where a moderate or transient effect of antibacterial treatment is observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For detection of intracellular bacteria, leucocytes were fixed and permeabilized as previously des cribed (Rønneseth et al 2012, Vestvik et al 2013) using a Becton Dickinson (BD) Cytofix/Cytoperm TM Fixation/Permeabilization kit (BD Bioscien ces), which is based on paraformaldehyde (4%) for fixation and saponin for permeabilization. The leucocyte pellet of 1 × 10 6 cells ml −1 per tube was suspended in 50 µl of PBS (380 OsM) to which 500 µl fixative were added.…”

Section: Intracellular Replication Of Bacteria Analysed By Flow Cytommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…noatunensis has the ability to reside and replicate within Atlantic cod adherent head kidney leucocytes and can inhibit the potent killing mechanism known as respiratory burst (Vestvik et al 2013). The existence within immune cells that normally eradicate bacteria shows that the bacterium has potent virulence mechanisms en abling its intracellular existence (Bakkemo et al 2011, Furevik et al 2011, Vestvik et al 2013. The intracellular location of the bacteria will most likely protect them from antibacterial agents with poor penetration into phagocytic cells, and basic knowledge of the concentrations of antibacterial agents within Atlantic cod leucocytes is therefore needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic uptake by cultured Atlantic cod leucocytes and effect on intracellular Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replication

Kaldestad¹,

Haugland²,

Rønneseth³

et al. 2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The granuloma disease caused by Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis in farmed Atlantic cod has not been successfully treated by use of antibacterials, even when antibacterial resistance testing indicates a sufficient effect. The reason for this treatment failure may be the intracellular existence of the bacteria within immune cells, mainly macrophages. To investigate the effect of antibacterials on intracellular Francisella replication, we established a protocol for the detection of drugs within Atlantic cod immune cells using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). When the uptake and intracellular concentrations of oxolinic acid and flumequine were analysed in isolated adherent head kidney leucocytes (HKLs) by HPLC, we found that uptake was rapid and the intracellular concentrations reflected the extracellular exposure concentrations. To investigate the effect of the antibacterial compounds on intracellular bacterial replication, adherent HKLs experimentally infected with the bacteria were analysed using flow cytometry and intracellular labelling of bacteria by specific antibodies. We found that flumequine did not inhibit intracellular bacterial replication. Unexpectedly, the results indicated that the intracellularly effiacy of the drug was reduced. The HPLC method used proved to be highly applicable for accurate determination of intracellular drug concentrations. When combined with sensitive and specific flow cytometry analyses for identification and measurement of intracellular bacterial replication, we suggest that this approach can be very valuable for the design of antibacterial treatments of intracellular pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intracellular Replication Of Bacteria Analysed By Flow Cytommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Antibiotic uptake by cultured Atlantic cod leucocytes and effect on intracellular Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replication

Kaldestad¹,

Haugland²,

Rønneseth³

et al. 2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Essa bactéria é estritamente aeróbia e apresenta crescimento intracelular facultativa. Esta bacteriose é emergente na aquicultura mundial, podendo causar perdas em ambientes marinhos e dulcícolas (Vestvik et al, 2013;Nguyen et al, 2015). Recentemente foram identificados dois agentes etiológicos Francisella noatunensis subspécie orientalis e F. noatunensis subspécie noatunensis que são responsáveis pela bacteriose em águas tropicais e temperadas, respectivamente (Soto et al, 2009;Duodu et al, 2012;Vestvik et al, 2013;Nguyen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

PRIMEIRO RELATO DE Francisella noatunensis SUBESPÉCIE ORIENTALIS NO SUL DO BRASIL – RELATO DE CASO

Jatobá¹,

Klipp²,

Hoppe³

2016

Acta Vet Bras

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RESUMOABSTRACT -The systemic visceral granuloma or franciselose is caused by Francisella noatunensis subspecies orientalis and F. noatunensis subspecies noatunensis. In Brazil, the first Francisella outbreak of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was recorded in the winters of 2012 and 2013 in the state of Minas Gerais. However, nothing was observed in the other producing regions. The aim of this study was to diagnose the causative agent of mortality Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a production unit in the state of Santa Catarina. For a mortality outbreak in September 2015, we were evaluated 35 Tilapia for the presence of parasites, microbiological evaluation and analysis of the polymerase chain reaction. After analysis, it was registered the presence of F. noatunensis subspecies orientalis, the first reported in southern Brazil

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Immunopathology

Jantawongsri

Jones

Elliott

et al. 2022

Principles of Fish Immunology

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Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replicates within Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) leucocytes and inhibits respiratory burst activity

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Antibiotic uptake by cultured Atlantic cod leucocytes and effect on intracellular Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replication

Antibiotic uptake by cultured Atlantic cod leucocytes and effect on intracellular Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis replication

PRIMEIRO RELATO DE Francisella noatunensis SUBESPÉCIE ORIENTALIS NO SUL DO BRASIL – RELATO DE CASO

Immunopathology

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