Free-evolution kinetics in a high-swelling polymeric hydrogel

Engelsberg, M.; Barros, Wilson

doi:10.1103/physreve.88.062602

Cited by 26 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In contrast with our observations, the NMR experiments of Barros, Jr. et al [8] and Engelsberg and Barros, Jr. [33] suggest a strictly shrinking core. To reconcile this apparent disagreement, we plot in Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Although the two parameters α and χ have meaningful physical interpretations, these are typically used as fitting parameters to account for the various approximations embedded in this theory [e.g., 22,23,33].…”

Section: Appendix A: Swelling In An Eulerian Framementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This expression has subsequently been used in a variety of studies, some of which take β as an empirical fitting parameter [33,43].…”

Section: Appendix A: Swelling In An Eulerian Framementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Swelling and Drying in a Spherical Gel

Bertrand¹,

Peixinho²,

et al. 2016

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Swelling is a volumetric-growth process in which a porous material expands by spontaneous imbibition of additional pore fluid. Swelling is distinct from other growth processes in that it is inherently poromechanical: Local expansion of the pore structure requires that additional fluid be drawn from elsewhere in the material, or into the material from across the boundaries. Here, we study the swelling and subsequent drying of a sphere of hydrogel. We develop a dynamic model based on large-deformation poromechanics and the theory of ideal elastomeric gels, and we compare the predictions of this model with a series of experiments performed with polyacrylamide spheres. We use the model and the experiments to study the complex internal dynamics of swelling and drying, and to highlight the fundamentally transient nature of these strikingly different processes. Although we assume spherical symmetry, the model also provides insight into the transient patterns that form and then vanish during swelling as well as the risk of fracture during drying. arXiv:1605.00599v3 [cond-mat.soft]

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix A: Swelling In An Eulerian Framementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Swelling and Drying in a Spherical Gel

Bertrand¹,

Peixinho²,

et al. 2016

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“…The reduced swelling model (18) is numerically simulated and fit to each set of data. The polymer network is taken to be a polymer chain with infinite length and thus we set m = N, which is consistent with previous hydrogel models 20,30,57,60 and validated against experimental data. 61 Using finite values of m Z 100 resulted in small and insignificant quantitative changes to the results.…”

Section: Experimental Results and Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Monomer diffusion into static and evolving polymer networks during frontal photopolymerisation

et al. 2017

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Frontal photopolymerisation (FPP) is a directional solidification process that converts monomer-rich liquid into crosslinked polymer solid by light exposure and finds applications ranging from lithography to 3D printing. Inherent to this process is the creation of an evolving polymer network that is exposed to a monomer bath. A combined theoretical and experimental investigation is performed to determine the conditions under which monomer from this bath can diffuse into the propagating polymer network and cause it to swell. First, the growth and swelling processes are decoupled by immersing pre-made polymer networks into monomer baths held at various temperatures. The experimental measurements of the network thickness are found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions obtained from a nonlinear poroelastic model. FPP propagation experiments are then carried out under conditions that lead to swelling. Unexpectedly, for a fixed exposure time, swelling is found to increase with incident light intensity. The experimental data is well described by a novel FPP model accounting for mass transport and the mechanical response of the polymer network, providing key insights into how monomer diffusion affects the conversion profile of the polymer solid and the stresses that are generated during its growth. The predictive capability of the model will enable the fabrication of gradient materials with tuned mechanical properties and controlled stress development.

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“…List of model parameters, which remain constant throughout each simulation and their associated values. Permeability parameter (β) referes to a strain dependent permeability constant[34][35][36]. The value of this constant does not affect the magnitude of the swelling but rather the time taken to reach swelling equilibrium.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Importance of the Mixing Energy in Ionized Superabsorbent Polymer Swelling Models

2020

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The Flory-Rehner theoretical description of the free energy in a hydrogel swelling model can be broken into two swelling components: the mixing energy and the ionic energy. Conventionally for ionized gels, the ionic energy is characterized as the main contributor to swelling and, therefore, the mixing energy is assumed negligible. However, this assumption is made at the equilibrium state and ignores the dynamics of gel swelling. Here, the influence of the mixing energy on swelling ionized gels is quantified through numerical simulations on sodium polyacrylate using a Mixed Hybrid Finite Element Method. For univalent and divalent solutions, at initial porosities greater than 0.90, the contribution of the mixing energy is negligible. However, at initial porosities less than 0.90, the total swelling pressure is significantly influenced by the mixing energy. Therefore, both ionic and mixing energies are required for the modeling of sodium polyacrylate ionized gel swelling. The numerical model results are in good agreement with the analytical solution as well as experimental swelling tests.

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Free-evolution kinetics in a high-swelling polymeric hydrogel

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Dynamics of Swelling and Drying in a Spherical Gel

Dynamics of Swelling and Drying in a Spherical Gel

Monomer diffusion into static and evolving polymer networks during frontal photopolymerisation

The Importance of the Mixing Energy in Ionized Superabsorbent Polymer Swelling Models

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