Free Radical Production by Antibiotic‐Killed Bacteria in the Guinea Pig Middle Ear

Takoudes, Thomas G.; Haddad, Joseph

doi:10.1097/00005537-200102000-00018

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In recent experiments, these significant levels in the middle ear mucosa were found to be present even after the infection had been treated. 24,25 In these studies and in other similar studies, the ROS levels, which were indirectly measured with colorimetric methods, were found to be increased significantly. 21–25 Reactive oxygen species release can be assessed using a variety of methods, including spin trapping techniques, electron spin resonance, and analyses of secondary or end products produced by free radical attack on lipids, proteins, or other cellular components with colorimetric detections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species in Myringotomized Tympanic Membranes: Effect of Vitamin E Treatment

et al. 2004

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Although the relationship between the development of myringosclerosis and ROS had been well documented previously, the present study is the first that has directly measured the levels of ROS in the tympanic membrane and middle ear mucosa. These results are relevant because they correlate with histological findings. It has also been demonstrated that topically applied vitamin E is effective in decreasing the ROS levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species in Myringotomized Tympanic Membranes: Effect of Vitamin E Treatment

et al. 2004

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“…Furthermore, when compared the AOM and AT groups, there was statistically significant difference between the groups (Table 1). Many investigators, both experimental [16][17][18][19][20] and human [21][22][23][24][25] studies have measured lipid peroxidation levels in AOM and acute or chronic tonsillitis. These studies also demonstrated that increased oxidative stress in the both diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidant and antioxidant levels in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis: A comparative study

Cemek

Dede

Bayiroğlu

et al. 2005

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…This protonated nitrate species can react with methanol, yielding a water molecule and a molecule similar to methyl nitrate, which can isomerize to methyl nitrate. Within the human body, some colonizing bacteria could produce methanol directly or oxidize methane (CH 4 ) to methanol (CH 3 OH) (20,21), providing the methyl radical (22,23), or other metabolic sources may be responsible for it. When hyperglycemia occurs in diabetics, an accelerated metabolic flux through the mitochondria may lead to increased superoxide formation, possibly directly linking blood glucose levels with systemic oxidation; in the extreme case of severe hyperketonemia, the pH shift toward acidosis may further accelerate this chain of reactions.…”

Section: List 1 Gases Quantified For the T1dm Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled methyl nitrate as a noninvasive marker of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes

Novak

Blake

Meinardi

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

140

110

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Recent technical advances allow detection of several hundred volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human exhaled air, many of which reflect unidentified endogenous pathways. Our group has previously estimated plasma glucose levels in healthy adults during a standard oral glucose tolerance test via exhaled VOC analysis. As a result of the metabolic characteristics of hyperglycemia in the diabetic (low insulin and increased free fatty acids and ketones), we hypothesized that different exhaled VOC profiles may be present in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during spontaneous hyperglycemia. Exhaled methyl nitrate strongly correlated specifically with the acute, spontaneous hyperglycemia of T1DM children. Eighteen experiments were conducted among 10 T1DM children. Plasma glucose and exhaled gases were monitored during either constant euglycemia (n ‫؍‬ 5) or initial hyperglycemia with gradual correction (n ‫؍‬ 13); all subjects received i.v. insulin and glucose as needed. Gas analysis was performed on 1.9-liter breath samples via gas chromatography using electron capture, flame ionization, and mass selective detection. Among the Ϸ100 measured exhaled gases, the kinetic profile of exhaled methyl nitrate, commonly present in room air in the range of 5-10 parts per trillion, was most strongly statistically correlated with that of plasma glucose (P ‫؍‬ 0.003-0.001). Indeed, the kinetic profiles of the two variables paralleled each other in 16 of 18 experiments, including repeat subjects who at different times displayed either euglycemia or hyperglycemia.exhaled gases ͉ volatile organic compounds ͉ gas chromatography ͉ plasma glucose T he analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been recognized for decades as a diagnostic tool with great potential for application to human breath, and several attempts have been made to use this technique for metabolic monitoring. However, intrinsic difficulties in measurement and analysis have resulted in inconsistent results, severely limiting its practical applicability.Recent advances in VOC analytical technology may have reduced the impact of these technical issues, lowering detection limit of measurable gas concentrations, and increasing the repeatability and stability of measurements. Indeed, in recent years a rising number of studies centered on exhaled VOC clinical applications have been generated (1-5). Most studies, however, are focused on the detection of single disease markers, i.e., exhaled gas profiles constantly present in definite groups of patients, independent of their moment-by-moment metabolic changes. We believe that this approach, while having the potential of detecting important diagnostic markers, greatly underutilizes exhaled gas analysis. Exhaled gas profiles are likely involved in endogenous metabolic processes and are, therefore, constantly changing in response to the extremely complex human endogenous biochemical milieu. The extreme versatility of exhaled gas analysis (combining simultaneous measurements of 100 or more exhaled gases in each ...

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Free Radical Production by Antibiotic‐Killed Bacteria in the Guinea Pig Middle Ear

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species in Myringotomized Tympanic Membranes: Effect of Vitamin E Treatment

Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species in Myringotomized Tympanic Membranes: Effect of Vitamin E Treatment

Oxidant and antioxidant levels in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis: A comparative study

Exhaled methyl nitrate as a noninvasive marker of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes

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