Free Radicals, Neuronal Death and Neuroprotection

Gallego, Diana; Rojas, Marcos Palacio; Orozco, Camilo Alberto Madariaga

doi:10.5772/30589

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(217 reference statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress due to its biochemical composition, specifically unsaturated lipids, which are targeted for oxidative modification and lipid peroxidation (Gallego et al, 2011 ). Furthermore, due to the brain’s high oxygen requirement (20% of the total oxygen intake is used), it has an increased risk of peroxidation (Gallego et al, 2011 ). Specifically, neurons are the most vulnerable cell to oxidative damage, due to their high content of methyl ions and low antioxidant activity (Floyd and Carney, 1992 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, due to the brain’s high oxygen requirement (20% of the total oxygen intake is used), it has an increased risk of peroxidation (Gallego et al, 2011 ). Specifically, neurons are the most vulnerable cell to oxidative damage, due to their high content of methyl ions and low antioxidant activity (Floyd and Carney, 1992 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ). When subjected to a continuous state of oxidative stress, neurons result in severe damage to their cellular constituents including proteins, DNA, and lipids (Dawson and Dawson, 1996 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, neurons are the most vulnerable cell to oxidative damage, due to their high content of methyl ions and low antioxidant activity (Floyd and Carney, 1992 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ). When subjected to a continuous state of oxidative stress, neurons result in severe damage to their cellular constituents including proteins, DNA, and lipids (Dawson and Dawson, 1996 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ). The pathology and molecular biomarkers for diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease include neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death, which have been linked to the abnormal cellular proteins and lipids formed due to ROS accumulation (Smith et al, 2000 ; Emerit et al, 2004 ; Lin and Beal, 2006 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When subjected to a continuous state of oxidative stress, neurons result in severe damage to their cellular constituents including proteins, DNA, and lipids (Dawson and Dawson, 1996 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ). The pathology and molecular biomarkers for diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease include neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death, which have been linked to the abnormal cellular proteins and lipids formed due to ROS accumulation (Smith et al, 2000 ; Emerit et al, 2004 ; Lin and Beal, 2006 ; Gallego et al, 2011 ). Notably, our lab has shown the use of antioxidants, either locally or systemically, results in higher densities of neuronal nuclei and more viable neurons at the intracortical microelectrode/tissue interface (Potter et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Jorfi et al, 2014 ; Potter-Baker et al, 2014 ; Nguyen et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Implantation of Neural Probes in the Brain Elicits Oxidative Stress

Ereifej

Rial

Hermann

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Clinical implantation of intracortical microelectrodes has been hindered, at least in part, by the perpetual inflammatory response occurring after device implantation. The neuroinflammatory response observed after device implantation has been correlated to oxidative stress that occurs due to neurological injury and disease. However, there has yet to be a definitive link of oxidative stress to intracortical microelectrode implantation. Thus, the objective of this study is to give direct evidence of oxidative stress following intracortical microelectrode implantation. This study also aims to identify potential molecular targets to attenuate oxidative stress observed postimplantation. Here, we implanted adult rats with silicon non-functional microelectrode probes for 4 weeks and compared the oxidative stress response to no surgery controls through postmortem gene expression analysis and qualitative histological observation of oxidative stress markers. Gene expression analysis results at 4 weeks postimplantation indicated that EH domain-containing 2, prion protein gene (Prnp), and Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 (Scd1) were all significantly higher for animals implanted with intracortical microelectrode probes compared to no surgery control animals. To the contrary, NADPH oxidase activator 1 (Noxa1) relative gene expression was significantly lower for implanted animals compared to no surgery control animals. Histological observation of oxidative stress showed an increased expression of oxidized proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids concentrated around the implant site. Collectively, our results reveal there is a presence of oxidative stress following intracortical microelectrode implantation compared to no surgery controls. Further investigation targeting these specific oxidative stress linked genes could be beneficial to understanding potential mechanisms and downstream therapeutics that can be utilized to reduce oxidative stress-mediated damage following microelectrode implantation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Implantation of Neural Probes in the Brain Elicits Oxidative Stress

Ereifej

Rial

Hermann

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The effect of a Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP) coating on the chronic recording performance of planar silicon intracortical microelectrode arrays

Hernandez-Reynoso,

Sturgill,

Hoeferlin

et al. 2023

Biomaterials

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Resveratrol Delivery from Implanted Cyclodextrin Polymers Provides Sustained Antioxidant Effect on Implanted Neural Probes

Haley

Zuckerman²,

Dakhlallah

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Intracortical microelectrodes are valuable tools used to study and treat neurological diseases. Due in large part to the oxidative stress and inflammatory response occurring after electrode implantation, the signal quality of these electrodes decreases over time. To alleviate this response, resveratrol, a natural antioxidant which elicits neuroprotective effects through reduction of oxidative stress, was utilized. This work compares traditional systemic delivery of resveratrol to the novel cyclodextrin polymer (pCD) local delivery approach presented herein, both in vitro and in vivo. The pCD displayed an extended resveratrol release for 100 days, as well as 60 days of free radical scavenging activity in vitro. In vivo results indicated that our pCD delivery system successfully delivered resveratrol to the brain with a sustained release for the entire short-duration study (up to 7 days). Interestingly, significantly greater concentrations of resveratrol metabolites were found at the intracortical probe implantation site compared to the systemic administration of resveratrol. Together, our pilot results provide support for the possibility of improving the delivery of resveratrol in an attempt to stabilize long-term neural interfacing applications.

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Free Radicals, Neuronal Death and Neuroprotection

Cited by 3 publications

References 160 publications

Implantation of Neural Probes in the Brain Elicits Oxidative Stress

Implantation of Neural Probes in the Brain Elicits Oxidative Stress

The effect of a Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP) coating on the chronic recording performance of planar silicon intracortical microelectrode arrays

Resveratrol Delivery from Implanted Cyclodextrin Polymers Provides Sustained Antioxidant Effect on Implanted Neural Probes

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