Free-running circadian rhythm of a learned feeding pattern in starlings

Wenger, D.; Biebach, Herbert; Krebs, John R.

doi:10.1007/bf01206266

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Such endogenous oscillators also enable animals to display time-specific memory [1,[3][4][5]. For instance, mice and honeybees associate the location of a stimulus (like food or mate) with a certain time of day (time-place learning) [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flies Remember the Time of Day

et al. 2015

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The circadian clock enables organisms to anticipate daily environmental cycles and drives corresponding changes in behavior [1, 2]. Such endogenous oscillators also enable animals to display time-specific memory [1, 3-5]. For instance, mice and honeybees associate the location of a stimulus (like food or mate) with a certain time of day (time-place learning) [6, 7]. However, the mechanism underlying time-related learning and memory is not known. In the present study, we investigate time-specific odor learning. We use a genetically tractable animal, the fly Drosophila melanogaster. Starved flies are trained in the morning and afternoon to associate distinct odors with sucrose reward. The training is repeated the next day, and their time-dependent odor preference is tested on the third day. Our results indicate that Drosophila can express appetitive memory at the relevant time of day if the two conditioning events are separated by more than 4 hr. Flies can form time-odor associations in constant darkness (DD) as well as in a daily light-dark (LD) cycle, but not when kept under constant light (LL) conditions. Circadian clock mutants, period(01) (per(01)) and clock(AR) (clk(AR)), learned to associate sucrose reward with a certain odor but were unable to form time-odor associations. Our findings show that flies can utilize temporal information as an additional cue in appetitive learning. Time-odor learning in flies depends on a per- and clk-dependent endogenous mechanism that is independent of environmental light cues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flies Remember the Time of Day

et al. 2015

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“…Increased locomotor activity has been observed in rodents in anticipation of food (known as food-anticipatory activity) (Mistlberger, 1994), a sweet palatable reward (Hsu et al , 2010; Mendoza et al , 2005), a sexually receptive female (Mendelson and Pfaus, 1989; Pfaus and Phillips, 1991), or a drug reward (i.e., ethanol) (Buck et al , 2014a). While many of the studies on anticipatory pleasure involved rodents, food-anticipatory activity is conserved across species, including honeybees (Moore et al , 1989), fish (Weber and Spieler, 1987), birds (Wenger et al , 1991), rabbits (Jilge, 1992), and monkeys (Sulzman et al , 1977). In rodents, anticipatory activity was disrupted by manipulations known to produce depression-related behaviors in humans, including social stress (Kamal et al , 2010; van der Harst et al , 2005) and withdrawal from chronic amphetamine treatment (Barr et al , 1999a).…”

Section: Translational Assessments Of Reward and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Assessment of Reward and Motivational Deficits in Psychiatric Disorders

Der-Avakian

Barnes

Markou

et al. 2015

Translational Neuropsychopharmacology

101

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Deficits in reward and motivation are common symptoms characterizing several psychiatric and neurological disorders. Such deficits may include anhedonia, defined as loss of pleasure, as well as impairments in anticipatory pleasure, reward valuation, motivation/effort, and reward learning. This chapter describes recent advances in the development of behavioral tasks used to assess different aspects of reward processing in both humans and non-human animals. While earlier tasks were generally developed independently with limited cross-species correspondence, a newer generation of translational tasks has emerged that are theoretically and procedurally analogous across species and allow parallel testing, data analyses, and interpretation between human and rodent behaviors. Such enhanced conformity between cross-species tasks will facilitate investigation of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying discrete reward and motivated behaviors and is expected to improve our understanding and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by reward and motivation deficits.

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“…cTPL has been demonstrated in several studies (Biebach 1989;Wenger et al 1991;Falk 1992;Saksida and Wilkie 1994;Mistlberger et al 1996;Pizzo and Crystal 2002), while others either failed to show TPL or found that animals used a noncircadian strategy to solve the task Wilkie 1997, 1999;Crystal 2002, 2004;Thorpe et al 2003). Whether an animal is capable of mastering a TPL task may depend on the species or used strain, but is also greatly determined by the experimental setup (see Mulder et al 2013b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Time–place learning over a lifetime: absence of memory loss in trained old mice

et al. 2015

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Time -place learning (TPL) offers the possibility to study the functional interaction between cognition and the circadian system with aging. With TPL, animals link biological significant events with the location and the time of day. This whatwhere-when type of memory provides animals with an experience-based daily schedule. Mice were tested for TPL five times throughout their lifespan and showed (re)learning from below chance level at the age of 4, 7, 12, and 18 mo. In contrast, at the age of 22 mo these mice showed preservation of TPL memory (absence of memory loss), together with deficiencies in the ability to update time-of-day information. Conversely, the majority of untrained (na€ ıve) mice at 17 mo of age were unable to acquire TPL, indicating that training had delayed TPL deficiencies in the mice trained over lifespan. Two out of seven na€ ıve mice, however, compensated for correct performance loss by adapting an alternative learning strategy that is independent of the age-deteriorating circadian system and presumably less cognitively demanding. Together, these data show the age-sensitivity of TPL, and the positive effects of repeated training over a lifetime. In addition, these data shed new light on aging-related loss of behavioral flexibility to update time-of-day information.

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Free-running circadian rhythm of a learned feeding pattern in starlings

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Flies Remember the Time of Day

Flies Remember the Time of Day

Translational Assessment of Reward and Motivational Deficits in Psychiatric Disorders

Time–place learning over a lifetime: absence of memory loss in trained old mice

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