Free-space optical channel performance under atmospheric losses using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Mani, Vinoth Kumar; Kumar, Vinod

doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1571-1579

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…order improved Bessel function of second kind and the following formula are used to calculate parameters α and β depending on atmospheric conditions [25][26][27] :…”

Section: A Mathematical Representation Of the Fso Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

K_{v} (() *)

‐ v th order improved Bessel function of second kind and the following formula are used to calculate parameters

α

and

β

depending on atmospheric conditions 25–27 :

α goodbreak= {[\exp (\frac{0.49 χ^{2}}{{((), 1 goodbreak+ 0.18 d^{2} goodbreak+ 0.56 χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{7}{6}}}) - 1]}^{- 1}

β goodbreak= {[\exp (\frac{0.51 χ^{2} {(1 + 0.69 χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{- 5}{6}}}{{((), 1 goodbreak+ 0.9 d^{2} goodbreak+ 0.62 d^{2} χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{7}{6}}}) - 1]}^{- 1}

where

χ^{2}

= 0.5

C_{n}^{2} k^{7 / 6} L^{11 / 6}

d = {(\frac{{italickD}^{2}}{4 L})}^{1 / 2}

k = 2 π / λ

. D is the receiver lens aperture diameter, L is the connection distance in meters, depending on turbulence level.…”

Section: Proposed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions

Singh,

Karuppiah

2024

Int J Communication

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SummaryThe technique to overcome the challenge while implementing the fiber optical link is investigated using an alternative optical link called a free‐space optical (FSO) link with advanced modulation and signal processing techniques. A dual‐polarized 16‐quadrature amplitude‐modulated signal is transmitted over single and multi‐FSO channels under various atmospheric attenuation conditions. High bandwidth and data rates (up to 10 Gbps), unlicensed spectrum (above 300 GHz), and simplicity of deployment are significant benefits of the FSO system. However, the weather conditions of haze, rain, and fog cause signal attenuation when the optical carrier wave is transmitted over free space, and atmospheric turbulence is a challenge to FSO implementation, which degrades the transmission performance of optical signals for long‐distance communication. For 120 Gbps data transmission, the performance of a multi‐input and multi‐output (MIMO) FSO system is evaluated by observing the bit error rate (BER) and received signal constellation diagram. Optical signal‐to‐noise ratio (OSNR) parameters were iterated to determine the optimal value for back‐to‐back, single‐input, single‐output (SISO), and MIMO systems. Moreover, we examined the proposed system's output with recent articles, including MIMO, multiplexing, and various modulation techniques. The comparison of results shows that the suggested MIMO‐FSO model has enhanced the performance with the lower BER as less than 3.8 × 10−3 (log of BER is −2.42) forward error correction (FEC) limit for 18.7 km link range in clear air with 0.54 dB/km attenuation, 4.8, 4.5, 1.35, and 0.57 km under haze, light fog, medium, and heavy fog with 4.6, 6.9, 28.9, and 75 dB/km attenuations.

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“…order improved Bessel function of second kind and the following formula are used to calculate parameters α and β depending on atmospheric conditions [25][26][27] :…”

Section: A Mathematical Representation Of the Fso Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

K_{v} (() *)

‐ v th order improved Bessel function of second kind and the following formula are used to calculate parameters

α

and

β

depending on atmospheric conditions 25–27 :

α goodbreak= {[\exp (\frac{0.49 χ^{2}}{{((), 1 goodbreak+ 0.18 d^{2} goodbreak+ 0.56 χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{7}{6}}}) - 1]}^{- 1}

β goodbreak= {[\exp (\frac{0.51 χ^{2} {(1 + 0.69 χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{- 5}{6}}}{{((), 1 goodbreak+ 0.9 d^{2} goodbreak+ 0.62 d^{2} χ^{\frac{12}{5}})}^{\frac{7}{6}}}) - 1]}^{- 1}

where

χ^{2}

= 0.5

C_{n}^{2} k^{7 / 6} L^{11 / 6}

d = {(\frac{{italickD}^{2}}{4 L})}^{1 / 2}

k = 2 π / λ

. D is the receiver lens aperture diameter, L is the connection distance in meters, depending on turbulence level.…”

Section: Proposed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions

Singh,

Karuppiah

2024

Int J Communication

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“…By scattering, and absorption, fog, haze, mist, snow, and rain cause turbulence in the atmosphere [6]. Due to attenuation from atmospheric turbulence and other weather conditions, the FSO channel's potential is limited when broadcasting across free space [7]. Atmospheric effects can cause signal losses in FSO and can be split into two groups: -Atmospheric attenuation a. Absorption b. Scattering -Atmospheric turbulence a. Laser beam deformation Scattering, absorption, and turbulence are the main causes of signal attenuation and distortion, hence the atmosphere is considered a fascinating dynamical channel for the transmission of electromagnetic waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathers effect on the free space optics communication system

Mahmood

Ali

Haeder

2023

IJEECS

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Unlicensed spectrum is used in free space optics (FSO) communication, significantly increasing available bandwidth. Regardless of the weather, the most immediate concern is the link's performance and availability. Changes in the weather might impact the reliability of the link substantially. As a result, iterative optimization is being used to reduce the impact of weather and geography on FSO communication. In addition to enhancing visibility, this enhancement also reduces the bit error rate (BER). The system's wireless optical communication technology supports a data rate of up to 10 Gbps. The proposed wireless optical communication performance is compared to existing technologies regarding the visible distance, quality factor, BER, and eye diagram in various meteorological circumstances. Simulations show that the proposed work is more efficient.

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Improved 300 GHz FSO communication link performance using hybrid OQPSK/AM modulation with predistortion under extreme weather conditions

Yousif

2023

Opt Quant Electron

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Free-space optical channel performance under atmospheric losses using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions

Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions

Weathers effect on the free space optics communication system

Improved 300 GHz FSO communication link performance using hybrid OQPSK/AM modulation with predistortion under extreme weather conditions

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