Free-standing flexible carbon electrode for highly efficient hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells

Wei, Huiyun; Xiao, Junyan; Yang, Young Chul; Lv, Songtao; Shi, Jiangjian; Xu, Xin; Dong, Juan; Luo, Yanhong; Li, Dongmei; Meng, Qingbo

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.05.042

Cited by 202 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…So far, this is the highest reported PCE value for carbon-based HTM-free PSCs. [18][19][20][21]28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][36][46][47][48][49] Forward scanning J-V curve was also recorded to check for possible J-V hysteresis behavior. [ 69 ] As can be seen, the hysteresis is quite small for our devices; the forward scanning J-V curve gives a PCE of 13.11%, yielding a V oc of 1.04 V, J sc of 22.11 mA cm −2 , and FF of 0.57.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Chen

Wei

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

326

205

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hole transport materials (HTMs), and metal contact electrode. Discouragingly, the conventional organic HTMs (e.g., spiro-OMeTAD) are usually expensive and unstable. The noble metal electrode is also costly and requires vacuum thermal evaporation device. These problems will hinder the commercialization of PSCs in the future. Fortunately, it was found that HTM-free PSCs could also operate efficiently since the unique ambipolar property of the perovskite allows it to serve not only as a light harvester but also as a hole conductor. [12][13][14][15][16][17] In particular, carbon-based HTM-free PSCs show much promise to solve the above-mentioned problems because carbon materials are earth abundant, low-cost, and environmentally stable. [ 11,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] To date, the most effi cient (PCE ≈ 13%) carbon-based PSCs were reported by Han and colleagues. [ 18,19,21,27 ] In these devices, a TiO 2 scaffold layer, a porous ZrO 2 insulating layer, and a porous carbon electrode were sequentially deposited, followed by infi ltration of a perovskite precursor solution. In our previous works, we have simplifi ed the architecture and the fabrication process of the carbon-based PSCs by eliminating the ZrO 2 insulating layer and depositing the perovskite layer by the two-step method, [ 20,[28][29][30] demonstrating the PCE at ≈11%. [ 20,29,30 ] Very recently, a paintable carbon-based PSC was reported by several groups, [31][32][33][34][35] which was fabricated by fi rst depositing the perovskite layer and then printing the carbon electrode with a pre-prepared carbon paste, as illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure S1 (Supporting Information). The whole process is simple, at low temperature and low cost, apparently compatible with roll-to-roll production. However, the PCE of the paintable carbon-based PSCs is relatively low, viz., ≤10%. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Plausibly, the most important limiting factor for achieving high-effi ciency of the paintable carbon-based PSCs lies in the poor contact at perovskite/carbon interface because of the postdeposition process of carbon electrode, which seriously decreases fi ll factor (FF). [31][32][33][34] In order to tackle such a contact problem, it is necessary to produce an even perovskite layer to afford intimate contact at the perovskite/carbon interface. Onestep method has been successfully applied to prepare an even perovskite layer on planer PSCs. [ 8,[37][38][39] However, this method is unsuitable for depositing a good pore-fi lling perovskite layer in a relatively thick mesoscopic TiO 2 scaffold required for the Carbon-based hole transport material (HTM)-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown much promise for practical applications because of their high stability and low cost. However, the effi ciencies of this kind of PSCs are still relatively low, especially for the simplest paintable carbon-based PSCs, in comparison with the organic HTM-based PSCs. This can be imputed to the perovskite deposition methods that are not very suitable for this kind of devices. A...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, a pure perovskite layer with an even surface was obtained, which afforded a better contact at the perovskite/carbon interface, leading to a remarkable PCE of 14.38%, the highest reported thus far for carbon-based HTMfree PSCs. [18][19][20][21]28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][46][47][48][49] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Chen

Wei

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

326

205

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“…[ 136 ] Meng and co-workers also reported a PCE of 13.53% in a hole-conductor-free PSC with a freestanding fl exible carbon electrode. [ 137 ] It is worth noting that the J-V curves of the forward and reverse scans are coincident, indicating a week hysteresis effect. Considering the low-cost of the carbon electrode, this type of air-stable hole-conductor-free PSC may hold a good potential for commercialization.…”

Section: Hole-conductor Free Pscmentioning

confidence: 92%

Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Tiệp

Fan

2015

Advanced Energy Materials

326

242

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Organometal trihalide perovskites have recently emerged as promising materials for low‐cost, high‐efficiency solar cells. In less than five years, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been updated rapidly as a result of new strategies adopted in their fabrication process, including device structure, interfacial engineering, chemical compositional tuning, and crystallization kinetics control. To date, the best PSC efficiency has reached 20.1%, which is close to that of single crystal silicon solar cells. However, the stability of PSC devices is still unsatisfactory and is the main bottleneck impeding their commercialization. Here, we summarize recent studies on the degradation mechanisms of organometal trihalide perovskites in PSC devices, and the strategies for stability improvement.

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“…15 In another study by Wei et al, a free-standing exible carbon lm was employed as the cathode of HTM-free perovskite solar cells, obtaining a PCE of up to 13.53% and good device stability. 16 Li et al also demonstrated that HTM-free perovskite solar cells can withstand elevated temperature and constant outdoor illumination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxo-G 1 -based solar cells are unusually stable under ambient conditions in the dark. Solar cells are stored for more than 1900 h under ambient conditions (a temperature of approximately [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] C and a relative humidity (RH) between 30 and 50%) and retain 92% of their initial PCE (Fig. 3a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the environmental lifetime of unpackaged perovskite solar cells through interfacial design

et al. 2016

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Free-standing flexible carbon electrode for highly efficient hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells

Cited by 202 publications

References 39 publications

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Extending the environmental lifetime of unpackaged perovskite solar cells through interfacial design

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