Free-Standing Single-Atom-Thick Iron Membranes Suspended in Graphene Pores

Zhao, Jiong; Deng, Qingming; Bachmatiuk, Alicja; Gorantla, Sandeep; Popov, Alexey A.; Eckert, J.; Rümmeli, Mark H.

doi:10.1126/science.1245273

Cited by 304 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…7 Beyond metals, carbon-based materials, which have mainly been used as supports for electrocatalysts, 8,9 are receiving increasing attention as electrocatalysts in their own right. 7,[10][11][12] Carbon is an attractive proposition, due to the possibility of modification by doping and surface functionalization in a wide variety of ways. [13][14][15] This is particularly true of graphite, which comprises stacked graphene layers with weak van der Waals force present between the layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Electrocatalysis of Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation at Blistered Graphite Electrodes

Kim

Perry

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Electrocatalysis of Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation at Blistered Graphite Electrodes

Kim

Perry

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Zhao et al 17 show that monolayer Fe membranes can be grown in graphene perforations. These monolayer membranes both form and collapse under e-beam irradiation in TEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and magnetization of free-standing and graphene-embedded iron membranes

2015

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Inspired by recent experimental realizations of monolayer Fe membranes in graphene perforations, we perform ab initio calculations of Fe monolayers and membranes embedded in graphene in order to assess their structural stability and magnetization. We demonstrate that monolayer Fe has a larger spin magnetization per atom than bulk Fe and that Fe membranes embedded in graphene exhibit spin magnetization comparable to monolayer Fe. We find that free-standing monolayer Fe is structurally more stable in a triangular lattice compared to both square and honeycomb lattices. This is contradictory to the experimental observation that the embedded Fe membranes form a square lattice. However, we find that embedded Fe membranes in graphene perforations can be more stable in the square lattice configuration compared to the triangular. In addition, we find that the square lattice has a lower edge formation energy, which means that the square Fe lattice may be favored during formation of the membrane.

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“…For example, two dimensional inclusions of iron were incorporated between planar fragments of graphene due to the lattice parameter match between graphene and two-dimensional iron [1,2]. On the other hand, routine technological methods to achieve similar goals have so far not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation of iron atoms between fragments of graphene planes

Siklitskaya¹,

Ivanov-Omskiĭ²,

Chekulaev³

et al. 2015

Nanosist.: fiz. him. mat.

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In this paper, we apply results of analysis of the Raman spectrum from an amorphous carbon film modified with iron (a − C : F e) which leads to construction of clusters containing fragments of graphene and a layer of iron atoms. Such clusters may be candidates for the role of microwave radiation absorbers. For the Raman experiments we performed deposition of a thin film of a − C : F e. Details of the film deposition process, together with the corresponding Raman experiments are presented in this paper. Comparison with a literature model was performed for the intensity ratio of the maxima for specific Raman bands, using the letter D to represent "disorder" and the letter G to represent "graphite". Comparison gives evidence for the existence of nanosize fragments of graphene embedded in an amorphous matrix of the a − C : F e film. The diameter of the fragments is predicted to attain a value of about 1.2 nm. Moreover, in a comparison with experimental data for defective graphite, the position of the maximum of the D band for a− C : F e appeared to be red shifted. This could support the proposition that damping of Raman-active oscillations occurs by an electron gas in fragments of graphene after introduction of iron, e.g. after intercalation. On the basis of these estimates, we modeled a symmetrical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having a similar size and converted it into fragment of a graphene plane by removal of hydrogen atoms occupying the edge states. To preserve symmetry, we placed atoms of iron on top of the fragment, situating them exactly above the centers of hexagons at a certain distance and placed another fragment of graphene on the top of the iron atoms, symmetrically. For a distance of 2.52Åbetween the centers of the hexagon and the iron atom, distortions of carbon-carbon valence bonds and angles were found to be minimal, as shown through optimization of the system's geometry using the Avogadro molecular editor. This result supports an hypothesis of graphene fragments during the growth of an amorphous carbon film modified by simultaneous addition of a dopant metal such as iron. This example may illustrate the stability of a two-dimensional electron gas confined between the fragments.

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Free-Standing Single-Atom-Thick Iron Membranes Suspended in Graphene Pores

Cited by 304 publications

References 39 publications

Nanoscale Electrocatalysis of Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation at Blistered Graphite Electrodes

Nanoscale Electrocatalysis of Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation at Blistered Graphite Electrodes

Stability and magnetization of free-standing and graphene-embedded iron membranes

Encapsulation of iron atoms between fragments of graphene planes

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