“…While I agree with O'Connor that Schelling rejects indifferentism, I think that objection goes further than he suggests, in rejecting choice as a model for freedom as such, not just formal choice-precisely because once one moves beyond formal choice, the very idea of freedom based on choice is also put into doubt, as then for the free agent only one option will be salient.6 I am here using the terminology of "intellectualism" in the way it is used in debates concerning choice and freedom; it is not a reference to the thesis that intellectual intuition is the source of our knowledge of the absolute. For a discussion of this other debate, see, for example,Bruno (2023).7 This is the option taken by Jörg Noller, for example, who argues that Schelling defends a kind of "critical voluntarism" which Noller compares with Frankfurt's volitional necessity: "Volitional necessity is fully compatible with freedom, since it is the result of a deliberate process, a process of reflecting and balancing reasons for an action, and of integrating different volitional tendencies into a unified will"(Noller (2020, p. 199)). Thomas Buccheim is also opposed to the indifferentist approach, but whether he adopts intellectualism as the alternative is less clear, as he has the concern that it would leave only one option open to the free being: seeBuchheim (2012), pp.…”