Frequency and imaging findings of variations in human aortic arch anatomy based on multidetector computed tomography data

Evaluation of vertebral artery dominance, hypoplasia and variations in the origin: angiographic study in 254 patients

“…In this CTA based study with 1136 patients; left VA arising from the aortic arch before left subclavian artery has been reported in 33 (2.9%) patients, and left VA arising from the aortic arch after left subclavian artery has been reported in only 1 (0.1%) patient [2]. Similarly in the literature; left VA arising from the aortic arch before the left subclavian artery has been observed with a higher rate [8].…”

“…Celikyay et al [2] also defined two different variations of the left VA depending on the direct origin from the aortic arch before or after the left subclavian artery. In this CTA based study with 1136 patients; left VA arising from the aortic arch before left subclavian artery has been reported in 33 (2.9%) patients, and left VA arising from the aortic arch after left subclavian artery has been reported in only 1 (0.1%) patient [2].…”

Anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the aortic arch

“…This report is concerned with the "Adachi TYPE C" variation in which a fourth vessel, an anomalous left vertebral artery, also arises from the aortic arch. The frequency of this variation has generally been reported between 0.68% and 5.8% [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Two additional studies have reported frequencies of 7.41% and 15.3% [8,9].…”

Multidetector computed tomography evaluation of aortic arch and branching variants

“…Weinberg [22] reported an ARSA incidence rate of 2%, which was consistent with our findings. However, Celikyay et al [8] reported a rate of just 0.8%. This difference can be attributed to the fact that our study population with aortic arch variants was mainly composed of patients living in the southeastern Anatolian region of Turkey.…”

“…[3][4][5][6] There are several studies that have investigated the diagnostic value of CT for the detection of aortic arch variants in the literature, but there are a limited number of studies that have focused on the use of MDCT which include large sample sizes. [7][8][9] In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of aortic arch variants and its branches in a large sample size as well as evaluate the possible effects of gender on the prevalence rate.…”