Frequency and Precision of Body Condition Scoring in Dairy Cattle

Hady, Patrick J.; Domecq, J.J.; Kaneene, John B.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(94)77095-8

Cited by 82 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups in the condition of cows was only found 2 weeks after delivery, when cows from group C lost more weight. The monitoring of changes of the cows' condition in the peripartal period presents an important control mechanism of evaluating energy reserves in the body and is widely used in evaluating the body condition of dairy cows (Wildman et al 1982;Hady et al 1994). A greater deterioration in physical condition during the dry period and the first period of lactation results in the increased incidence of metabolic disorders, mainly of abomasal dislocation, ketosis and postparturient hypocalcaemia (Kim and Suh 2003).…”

Section: Body Condition Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the study was to compare the influence of fat supplementation in the form of full-fat soybean seeds and hydrolyzed palm oil as energy sources for dairy cows in early lactation.During the first 8 lactation weeks, 17 dairy cows divided into group S (n = 8) and group C (n = 9) were observed. The basic diet was the same for both groups. The differences were in the composition of the concentrate mixture, which had a balanced content of nutrients. In group S the fat source was heat-treated soybean seeds, while in group C the fat source used was hydrolyzed palm oil. The two diets started to be fed on the day of calving. Blood samples were taken weekly (1 st -5 th week) and 8 weeks after delivery. At the end of the experiment ruminal fluid was taken. During the experiment BCS in both groups deteriorated similarly. In group S it decreased from 3.8 ± 0.2 to 3.3 ± 0.3 and in group C from 3.5 ± 0.4 to 3.1 ± 0.4. A better performance of hepatic metabolism was proved in group S. In group S lower concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids were identified in the 3 rd (0.96 ± 0.38 vs. 1.76 ± 0.63 mmol·l ; p < 0.05) week after calving. The gamma-glutamyl transferase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity in serum indicates a better liver parenchyma condition in group S where no increased activity was identified above the reference range. An increased activity was identified in group C from the 2 nd week with a significant difference between groups detected in the 2 nd (0.41 ± 0.07 vs. 0.66 ± 0.25 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.05) and 4 th (0.42 ± 0.05 vs. 0.64 ± 0.25 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.05) weeks after delivery. There were no significant differences found between groups in bilirubin and aspartate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.1) but a general tendency toward lower values is apparent in group S. No significant differences were found between groups by the examination of ruminal fluid.Based on these results we can conclude that full-fat soy was better utilised than hydrolysed palm oil and represents a suitable alternative for increasing energy concentration in the diet for dairy cows. On the other hand, the development of liver steatosis in cows make controversial the usage of fat as an energy source for fresh cows even if their BCS is around 3.5-3.8 and it may not be recommended generally. Soy, liver, lipid mobilization, blood, BCS, isoenzymes LDHLack of energy is the main limiting factor to high yields of dairy cows. Taking into account the low intake of dry matter and the fast increase of milk production in dairy cows after calving, it is important to provide a high energy concentration in the diet during this period. One possibility of solving the energy deficit in dairy cows in this period is to use supplementary fats. The main reason for using fat is its 2-3 times higher energy content compared to saccharides or proteins. The source of fat for dairy cows should have a high content of pure energy, high digestibility, acceptable palatability and price and should be easily manipulated. Fat in the diet can come from different sources, such as natu...

show abstract

Section: Body Condition Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…μπορεί να χρησι μοποιηθεί για την πρόβλεψη της συνολικής ποσότη τας του λιπώδους ιστοΰ στο σώμα μίας αγελάδας (Wright 1982, Fox et al 1999, δηλαδή παρέχει πλη ροφορίες σχετικές με τα συνολικά ενεργειακά απο θέματα του σώματος της (NRC 2001). Η επαναληπτι-κότητα και η ακρίβεια της μεθόδου έχουν αξιολογη θεί και κρίνονται ικανοποιητικές, ιδίως όταν η εκτί μηση διενεργείται από έμπειρο εκτιμητή (Edmonson et al 1989, Ferguson et al 1994, Hady et al 1994, Domecq et al 1995, Kristensen et al 2006. Συνεπώς, αν και πρόκειται για υποκειμενική εκτίμηση, θεωρεί ται αρκετά αξιόπιστη ώστε να μπορεί να χρησιμοποι ηθεί τόσο για ερευνητικούς οκοπούς, όσο και για την καλύτερη διαχείριση των εκτροφών γαλακτοπαρα γωγών αγελάδων σε πρακτικό επίπεδο.…”

Section: ο δεικτης θρεπτικης καταστασηςunclassified

“…Μία προσέγγιση που προτείνεται εί ναι η εκτίμηση του Δ.Θ.Κ. όλων των αγελάδων μία φορά κάθε μήνα (Hady et al 1994, Skidmore et al 2001 θεί δύσκολη στην εφαρμογή της, προτείνεται εναλλα κτικά η εκτίμηση του Δ.Θ.Κ. σε πέντε χρονικά σημεία, στα οποία πρέπει να ασχολείται κάνεις ατομικά με την κάθε αγελάδα.…”

Section: χρηση δθκ στη διαχειριση εκτροφων γαλακτοπαραγωγων αγελαδωνunclassified

Dairy Cows' Body Condition Score. Effects on reproduction, health and milk production. Use in farm management

Oikonomou

Μπασδαγιαννη)

Valergakis

2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body Condition Scoring (BCS) is an assessment of dairy cows' subcutaneous fatty tissue that can provide useful information on their body energy reserves. It is a quick and easy to perform method that does not require special equipment and can be easily used at farm level. A body condition scoring method based on visual observation of specific body regions has been described. A 5 point scale (1 = emaciated, 5 = obese) is used. Low BCS and high BCS losses were found to have adverse effects on cows' reproductive performance. Low or high BCS and high BCS losses were also found to have adverse effects on cows' health, while they were also found to significantly affect milk production. Body condition score has medium-high heritability and significant genetic correlation with reproduction. Body condition score levels should be 3-3.25 at calving, not higher than 3.25 at drying off and at least 2.5 60-80 days post calving. Farmers and their consultants should try to achieve these goals through proper management. Body condition scoring can be performed at calving, 30 days post calving, at first artificial insemination, at mid-lactation and at drying off.

show abstract

“…Dessa maneira, o ECC tem sido proposto como método auxiliar no manejo nutricional e reprodutivo de rebanhos leiteiros (Hady et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Restrição alimentar e atividade ovariana luteal cíclica pós-parto em vacas girolanda

Ferreira

Viana

Sá

et al. 2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO -Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar se a restrição alimentar no pós-parto em vacas Girolanda, multíparas, de bom escore de condição corporal (ECC = 3,5 a 4,5) ao parto será suficiente para impedir o reinício da atividade ovariana luteal cíclica (AOLC) pós-parto. Os animais foram distribuídos em três tratamentos: Grupo I (n = 15), mantença; Grupo II (n = 10) e Grupo III (n = 13), sendo que os grupos II e III receberam restrição alimentar até 90 e 180 dias pós-parto, respectivamente. As pesagens e avaliações do ECC foram efetuadas logo após o parto, e depois semanalmente. A AOLC foi avaliada por palpação retal, observação de cio e concentração de progesterona no leite. Os intervalos do parto ao primeiro cio foram de 53,1, 63,2 e 51,2 dias (P>0,05), respectivamente para os Grupos I, II e III, que apresentaram perdas de peso de 7,3 kg, 57,0 kg e 63,7 kg nesse período; e de 14,2 kg, 63,8 kg e 78,4 kg do parto até 90 dias pós-parto, repectivamente. Em vacas Girolanda de bom escore de condição corporal ao parto, a perda de 15,2% do peso nos três primeiros meses de lactação, e de 16,3% do peso até 180 dias pós-parto, não é suficiente para atrasar o reinício ou interromper a AOLC nos respectivos períodos.Termos para indexação: condição corporal, ciclo estral, bovinos, subnutrição. LOW LEVEL OF NUTRITION AND OVARIAN LUTEAL CYCLIC ACTIVITY POSTPARTUM IN CROSSBRED (HOLSTEIN X ZEBU) COWSABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss on postpartum cross bred Holstein x Gir (HZ) cows in good body score condition (BSC = 3.5 to 4.5) at calving on the delay of beginning or on maintenance of ovarian luteal cyclic activity (OLCA). Cows were distributed in three treatments: Group I (n = 15), maintenance; Group II (n = 10) and Group III (n = 13); Groups II and III were feed restricted until 90 and 180 days postpartum, respectively. The weight and BSC were measured after calving and then weekly. The OLCA was evaluated by rectal palpation, estrous detection and milk progesterone level. Intervals from the calving to first estrous were 53.1, 63.2 and 51.2 days (P > 0.05), respectively, for the Groups I, II and III; weight loss were of 7.3 kg; 57.0 kg and 63.7 kg up to the first estrous, and of 14.2 kg, 63.8 kg and 78.4 kg up to 90 days postpartum, for the Groups I, II, and III, respectively. In cross bred (HZ) cows in good body score condition at calving, the weight loss of 15.2% of body weight in the first three months of milking, and of 16.3% up to 180 days postpartum do not arrest the beginning or impair the maintenance of OLCA.

show abstract

Frequency and Precision of Body Condition Scoring in Dairy Cattle

Cited by 82 publications

References 4 publications

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

Dairy Cows' Body Condition Score. Effects on reproduction, health and milk production. Use in farm management

Restrição alimentar e atividade ovariana luteal cíclica pós-parto em vacas girolanda

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About