Frequency conversion in ultrastrong cavity QED

Kockum, Anton Frisk; Macrì, Vincenzo; Garziano, Luigi; Savasta, Salvatore; Nori, Franco

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04225-3

Cited by 77 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…This process is further discussed in the concurrent work of Ref. [55] as means to achieve single-photon frequency conversion controlled by the qubit. The effective interaction due to the virtual transitions when…”

Section: Analogous Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[52,53,55], the intermediate virtual transitions were adiabatically eliminated, relying on the approximation that the population of the intermediate levels will not change significantly if g j |ω n − ω m |. In this article, we follow the approach of Ref.…”

Section: B the Quantum Rabi Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some previous [52][53][54] and concurrent [55,56] works explore processes in the USC regime where the number of excitations is not conserved, such as multiphoton Rabi oscillations [53] and a single photon exciting multiple atoms [54]. Several of these processes can be interpreted as analogues of nonlinear-optics phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deterministic quantum nonlinear optics with single atoms and virtual photons

et al. 2017

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We show how analogues of a large number of well-known nonlinear-optics phenomena can be realized with one or more two-level atoms coupled to one or more resonator modes. Through higher-order processes, where virtual photons are created and annihilated, an effective deterministic coupling between two states of such a system can be created. In this way, analogues of three-wave mixing, four-wave mixing, higher-harmonic and -subharmonic generation (i.e., up-and downconversion), multiphoton absorption, parametric amplification, Raman and hyper-Raman scattering, the Kerr effect, and other nonlinear processes can be realized. In contrast to most conventional implementations of nonlinear optics, these analogues can reach unit efficiency, only use a minimal number of photons (they do not require any strong external drive), and do not require more than two atomic levels. The strength of the effective coupling in our proposed setups becomes weaker the more intermediate transition steps are needed. However, given the recent experimental progress in ultrastrong light-matter coupling and improvement of coherence times for engineered quantum systems, especially in the field of circuit quantum electrodynamics, we estimate that many of these nonlinear-optics analogues can be realized with currently available technology.

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Section: Analogous Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B the Quantum Rabi Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deterministic quantum nonlinear optics with single atoms and virtual photons

et al. 2017

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“…Together with experimental advances, the theoretical interest in the USC regime has been steadily growing, concerning fundamental properties of ultrastrong light-matter interactions [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], potential applications in quantum information [32][33][34][35][36][37] and effective implementations [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Such results have prompted a number of theoretical studies on generalizations of the QRM, including multiqubit [48] and multimode [49] cases, as well as anisotropic couplings [50,51] and two-photon interactions [52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-photon quantum Rabi model with superconducting circuits

Felicetti¹,

Rossatto²,

Rico³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. A

142

168

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We propose a superconducting circuit to implement a two-photon quantum Rabi model in a solid-state device, where a qubit and a resonator are coupled by a two-photon interaction. We analyze the input-output relations for this circuit in the strong coupling regime and find that fundamental quantum optical phenomena are qualitatively modified. For instance, two-photon interactions are shown to yield single-or two-photon blockade when a pumping field is either applied to the cavity mode or to the qubit, respectively. In addition, we derive an effective Hamiltonian for perturbative ultrastrong two-photon couplings in the dispersive regime, where twophoton interactions introduce a qubit-state-dependent Kerr term. Finally, we analyze the spectral collapse of the multi-qubit two-photon quantum Rabi model and find a scaling of the critical coupling with the number of qubits. Using realistic parameters with the circuit proposed, three qubits are sufficient to reach the collapse point.

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“…The coherent exchange interaction between multiple distant atoms via intermediate virtual states connected by the counterrotating interaction terms, can happen deterministically. Furthermore, the excitation number nonconserving process in the USC regime, including multi-photon Rabi oscillation [29,30], a single photon exciting multi-atom simultaneously [31], quantum nonlinear optics with atoms and virtual photons [32,33] have also been theoretically predicted. However, although a few experiments have recently achieved the USC regime in solidstate quantum system [34][35][36], quantum state manipulating and high-fidelity readout are still a tough challenge with existing technique, hindering the practical implementation of these coherent exchange interactions at present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit QED with qutrits: Coupling three or more atoms via virtual-photon exchange

Zhao

Tan

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We present a model to describe a generic circuit QED system which consists of multiple artificial three-level atoms, namely qutrits, strongly coupled to a cavity mode. When the state transition of the atoms disobey the selection rules the process that does not conserve the number of excitations can happen determinatively. Therefore, we can realize coherent exchange interaction among three or more atoms mediated by the exchange of virtual photons. In addition, we generalize the one cavity mode mediated interactions to the multi-cavity situation, providing a method to entangle atoms located in different cavities. Using experimental feasible parameters, we investigate the dynamics of the model including three cyclic-transition three-level atoms, for which the two lowest-energy levels can be treated as qubits. Hence, we have found that two qubits can jointly exchange excitation with one qubit in a coherent and reversible way. In the whole process, the population in the third level of atoms is negligible and the cavity photon number is far smaller than 1. Our model provides a feasible scheme to couple multiple distant atoms together, which may find applications in quantum information processing.

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Frequency conversion in ultrastrong cavity QED

Cited by 77 publications

References 140 publications

Deterministic quantum nonlinear optics with single atoms and virtual photons

Deterministic quantum nonlinear optics with single atoms and virtual photons

Two-photon quantum Rabi model with superconducting circuits

Circuit QED with qutrits: Coupling three or more atoms via virtual-photon exchange

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