Frequency-dependent quality factors from the deconvolution of ambient noise recordings in a borehole in West Bohemia/Vogtland

Haendel, Annabel; Ohrnberger, Matthias

doi:10.1093/gji/ggy422

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These results were later confirmed by considering a large number of test sites (Parolai et al 2022). Recently, Haendel et al (2019) estimated the Q in shallow geological layers by analyzing seismic noise recorded by a vertical array of seismometers mainly through the adaption of the method of Fukushima et al (2016) to determine Q S −1 .…”

Section: Q S Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Flexible multimethod approach for seismic site characterization

Stephenson

Yong

Martin³

2022

J Seismol

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We describe the flexible multimethod seismic site characterization technique for obtaining shear-wave velocity (VS) profiles and derivative information, such as the time-averaged VS of the upper 30 m (VS30). Simply stated, the multimethod approach relies on the application of multiple independent noninvasive site characterization acquisition and analysis techniques utilized in a flexible field-based approach through a decision process based on primary factors such as the investigator’s available equipment, field logistics (e.g., available array deployment space, urban versus rural), geologic setting, and funding among other primary factors. In a multimethod approach, sites ideally should be characterized using both active and passive noninvasive (i.e., no drilling and only minimal disturbance to the ground surface) methods. Almost without exception, we recommend the use of at least one active-source technique for analyzing surface waves, which in the current state of practice would include one or more of the following: spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW; commonly Rayleigh waves) and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW; Rayleigh and/or Love waves). In addition, passive-source microtremor array methods (MAMs) using linear (one-dimensional) and two-dimensional arrays may be appropriate or even required for characterizing a given site. Similarly, the microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (mHVSR) method thacan be valuable for identifying shallow rock sites. Finally, P- and SH-wave seismic refraction methods warrant consideration, especially at rock and shallow-rock sites.

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Section: Q S Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Flexible multimethod approach for seismic site characterization

Stephenson

Yong

Martin³

2022

J Seismol

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“…In this section, we consider a configuration with a receiver at the Earth's surface and one or more receivers at depth. This is akin the configuration chosen in Fukushima et al (2016) and Haendel et al (2019).…”

Section: Up-down Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the context of seismic interferometry, deconvolutions need to be stacked (integrated) before subsurface parameters can be estimated. In the current implementations of the up-down method, however (Fukushima et al 2016;Haendel et al 2019) Q is estimated from each deconvolution and afterwards Q is averaged over all estimates. Below we numerically test both approaches.…”

Section: Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Derivation of a near-surface damping model for the Groningen gas field

Ruigrok

Rodríguez-Marek

Edwards

et al. 2022

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary Seismic damping of near-surface deposits is an important input to site-response analysis for seismic hazard assessment. In Groningen, the Netherlands, gas production from a reservoir at 3 km depth causes seismicity. Above the gas field, an 800 m thick layer of unconsolidated sediments exist, which consists of a mixture of sand, gravel, clay and peat strata. Shear waves induced at 3 km depth experience most of their anelastic attenuation in these loose sediments. A good estimate of damping is therefore crucial for modeling realistic ground-motion levels. In Groningen, we take advantage of a large network of 200 m deep vertical arrays to estimate damping from recordings of the induced events. As a first step, we apply seismic interferometry by deconvolution to estimate local transfer functions over these vertical arrays. Subsequently, two different methods are employed. The first is the ’up-going’ method, where the amplitude decay of the retrieved up-going wave is used. The second is the ’up-down’ method, where the amplitude difference between retrieved up- and down-going waves is utilized. For the up-going method, the amplitude of the up-going direct wave is affected by both elastic and anelastic effects. In order to estimate the anelastic attenuation it is necessary to remove the elastic amplification first. Despite the fact that elastic compensation could be determined quite accurately, non-physical damping values were estimated for a number of boreholes. Likely, the underlying cause was small differences in effective response functions of geophones at different depths. It was found that the up-down method is more robust. With this method, elastic propagation corrections are not needed. In addition, small differences in in situ geophone response are irrelevant because the up- and down-going waves retrieved at the same geophone, are used. For the 1D case we showed that for estimating the local transfer function, the complex reverberations need to be included in the interferometric process. Only when this is done, the transfer function does not contain elastic transmission loss and Q estimation can be made without knowing the soil profile in detail. Uncertainty in the estimated damping was found from the signal-to-noise ratio of the estimated transfer function. The Q profiles estimated with the up-down method were used to derive a damping model for the top 200 m of the entire Groningen field. A scaling relation was derived by comparing estimated Q profiles with low-strain damping profiles that were constructed using published models for low-strain damping linked to soil properties. This scaling relation, together with the soil-properties based damping model, allowed up-scaling of the model to each grid-cell in the Groningen field. For depths below 200 m, damping was derived from the attenuation of the microseism over Groningen. The mean damping model, over a frequency band between 2 and 20 Hz, was estimated to be 2.0% (0-50 m depth), 1.3% (50-100 m), 0.66% (100-150 m), 0.57% (150-200 m) and 0.5% (200-580 m).

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A review of near-surface QS estimation methods using active and passive sources

et al. 2022

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Seismic attenuation and the associated quality factor (Q) have long been studied in various sub-disciplines of seismology, ranging from observational and engineering seismology to near-surface geophysics and soil/rock dynamics with particular emphasis on geotechnical earthquake engineering and engineering seismology. Within the broader framework of seismic site characterization, various experimental techniques have been adopted over the years to measure the near-surface shear-wave quality factor (QS). Common methods include active- and passive-source recording techniques performed at the free surface of soil deposits and within boreholes, as well as laboratory tests. This paper intends to provide an in-depth review of what Q is and, in particular, how QS is estimated in the current practice. After motivating the importance of this parameter in seismology, we proceed by recalling various theoretical definitions of Q and its measurement through laboratory tests, considering various deformation modes, most notably QP and QS. We next provide a review of the literature on QS estimation methods that use data from surface and borehole sensor recordings. We distinguish between active- and passive-source approaches, along with their pros and cons, as well as the state-of-the-practice and state-of-the-art. Finally, we summarize the phenomena associated with the high-frequency shear-wave attenuation factor (kappa) and its relation to Q, as well as other lesser-known attenuation parameters.

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Frequency-dependent quality factors from the deconvolution of ambient noise recordings in a borehole in West Bohemia/Vogtland

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Flexible multimethod approach for seismic site characterization

Flexible multimethod approach for seismic site characterization

Derivation of a near-surface damping model for the Groningen gas field

A review of near-surface QS estimation methods using active and passive sources

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