Frequency diverse array with random logarithmically increasing frequency offset

Huang, Gaojian; Ding, Yuan; Ouyang, Shan; Fusco, Vincent

doi:10.1002/mop.32337

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Apart from the above investigations, many researchers have devoted themselves to the analysis and design of the transmit beampattern of linear-FDAs or planar-FDAs [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In the simplest form of FDA, a linearly varying frequency offset (lin-FO) is applied across the aperture of a uniform linear array (ULA), resulting in an S-shaped pattern with multiple maximum values in range-angle space which is not suitable for accurate target positioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 26 ], an FDA framework based on Taylor window FO was proposed. An FDA transmitter structure with random logarithmically increasing FO (log-FDA) was proposed in [ 27 ] to achieve a lower sidelobe level (SLL) and higher detection resolution simultaneously. Nonlinear FOs were utilized in conformal FDA to achieve focused pattern in range-angle space [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmit–Receive Sparse Synthesis of Linear Frequency Diverse Array in Range-Angle Space Using Genetic Algorithm

Huang

Wang

2023

Sensors

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Unlike conventional phased array (PA), frequency diversity array (FDA) can perform the beampattern synthesis not only in an angle dimension but also in a range dimension by introducing an additional frequency offset (FO) across the array aperture, thus greatly enhancing the beamforming flexibility of an array antenna. Nevertheless, an FDA with uniform inter-element spacing that consists of a huge number of elements is required when a high resolution is needed, which results in a high cost. To substantially reduce the cost while almost maintaining the antenna resolution, it is important to conduct a sparse synthesis of FDA. Under these circumstances, this paper investigated the transmit–receive beamforming of a sparse-fda in range and angle dimensions. In particular, the joint transmit–receive signal formula was first derived and analyzed to resolve the inherent time-varying characteristics of FDA based on a cost-effective signal processing diagram. In the sequel, the GA-based low sidelobe level (SLL) transmit–receive beamforming of the sparse-fda was proposed to generate a focused main lobe in a range-angle space, where the array element positions were incorporated into the optimization problem. Numerical results showed that 50% of the elements can be saved for the two linear FDAs with sinusoidally and logarithmically varying frequency offsets, respectively termed as sin-FO linear-FDA and log-FO linear-FDA, with only a less than 1 dB increment in SLL. The resultant SLLs are below −9.6 dB, and −12.9 dB for these two linear FDAs, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmit–Receive Sparse Synthesis of Linear Frequency Diverse Array in Range-Angle Space Using Genetic Algorithm

Huang

Wang

2023

Sensors

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“…All these techniques are helpful, but introducing more complexity to the FDA design procedure by using complicated algorithms, limits the applicability of these structures and makes them too complex to be practical. Because the pattern fluctuation phenomenon originates in the frequency diversity of the elements, recent research proposed investigating different spatial configurations to find the optimum array configuration [29]. In [9], multiple phased arrays and FDA with the same number of elements were simulated and their pattern was compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

Hasheminasab

Cheldavi

kishk³

2023

Preprint

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Antenna arrays benefit from spatial diversity, which enables the control of the pattern specifications in space. Adding frequency diversity to arrays provides an opportunity to control the beams in the Space-Time domain. Contrary to the conventional arrays, the added frequency diversity in the Frequency Diverse Arrays (FDA) leads to time-variant and range-dependent patterns. The time variation of the pattern affects both steering and auto-scanning applications. The array factor depends coherently on the frequency and spatial distributions of elements, in the same way, the spatial and time behavior of the FDA’s pattern is correlated. Due to this space-frequency coherency, an adjoint spatial-frequency design algorithm is the best approach for controlling the array's spatial and time behaviors. Although Due to the complexity of the array factor formulations in the FDA, the frequency and spatial distribution of the elements has been separately designed. This study proposes an algorithm to concurrently, allocate the location and frequency of the elements for a desired pattern. First, using some symmetry, a straightforward formulation for the array factor is obtained and used to design a symmetrical FDA for a stable and periodic scanning beam. Second, by analyzing the formulations, two important design parameters and some crucial design criteria of the FDA pattern for scanning applications are suggested, and using these parameters a designing algorithm is extracted. The novelty of the proposed approach is the simultaneous design of the location and frequency of the elements in the space-frequency plane, which results in meeting the time and spatial requirement of the pattern. Using this approach, two different planar arrays are designed, and their results are compared with those of other planar configurations. This study paves the way for a new approach to designing FDAs.

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“…Reference [9] proposed a rang-angle beam decoupled method with logarithmically increasing frequency offset. In [10], a random logarithmically increasing frequency offset was proposed to achieve a nonperiodic beampattern. In [11], a combining index modulation architecture with FDA was explored to decouple the rangeangle beampattern with only one single peak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal Separation and Target Localization for FDA Radar

Wang

Zhu

2020

IEEE Access

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Frequency diverse array (FDA) radar have attracted great interests due to the range-angledependent transmit beampattern which is different from phased array radar providing only angle-dependent transmit beampattern. In this paper, we firstly proposed a receiver processing strategy based on signal separation method which eliminates the need for employing a bank of bandpass filters at the receiver of FDA radar. In the proposed separation scheme, the received signal at each receiving element was separated into M channels, where M represents the transmitting element number. After time-invariant processing of the separated signal, the angle and range were estimated by two-stage multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. For velocity estimation, we proposed a novel unambiguous velocity estimation algorithm. This novel algorithm was implemented to calculate the phase of each element and then the differential phase within the adjacent elements is calculated. The velocity of the target was estimated by the differential phase. This mechanism for extending the Nyquist velocity range is that the differential phase of the two adjacent channels has a much smaller variance than the individual channel phase estimated. All estimated parameter performance is verified by analyzing the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and the root mean square errors (RMSE).

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Frequency diverse array with random logarithmically increasing frequency offset

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Transmit–Receive Sparse Synthesis of Linear Frequency Diverse Array in Range-Angle Space Using Genetic Algorithm

Transmit–Receive Sparse Synthesis of Linear Frequency Diverse Array in Range-Angle Space Using Genetic Algorithm

A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

Signal Separation and Target Localization for FDA Radar

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