Frequency‐domain behavioural noise analysis of analogue phase‐locked loops

Abtahi, Seyed Ahmad; Jahanbakht, Sajad

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2020.0672

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

2020

DOI: 10.1049/iet-map.2020.0672

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Frequency‐domain behavioural noise analysis of analogue phase‐locked loops

Seyed Ahmad Abtahi

Sajad Jahanbakht

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2021

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Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

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Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Rahimi

Jahanbakht

2021

Appl. Opt.

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Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are hybrid systems consisting of optical and radio-frequency (RF) parts that are used to produce ultralow phase noise RF oscillations. Dual-loop OEOs can overcome some problems incorporated with single-loop OEOs such as the mode-hopping phenomenon and the large spurious peaks in the phase noise. Therefore, they are usually considered the practical implementation of many OEOs. Here, a frequency-domain steady-state and phase noise analysis approach of these systems is presented, based on the conversion matrix approach. Compared with the existing time-domain analysis approaches, it requires much smaller run times. Compared with the other frequency-domain modeling approaches, such as the linear-time-invariant phase transmission models, it can take all noise-transferring phenomena between various sidebands and all amplitude-noise to phase-noise conversions and vice versa into account. Therefore, it can be regarded as a comprehensive analysis approach to dual-loop OEOs. The validity of the new approach is verified by comparing its results with those of the previously published formulations in the literature.

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Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Rahimi

Jahanbakht

2021

Appl. Opt.

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Frequency domain analysis of optoelectronic oscillators utilizing optical and RF resonators with arbitrary transfer functions

Jahanbakht

2021

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) have attracted much attention for producing ultra-low phase-noise microwave/millimeter-wave oscillations. Traditional delay-based OEOs usually suffer from strong spurious peaks in their phase noise power spectral densities and possible mode-hopping phenomena. Some methods have been proposed in the literature such as using multi-loop architectures or injection locking to other OEOs or radio frequency (RF) oscillators to reduce these spurious peaks. In other approaches, optical filters/resonators other than optical fibers have been proposed to reduce or suppress these peaks and prevent the mode-hopping phenomenon, such as whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs), fiber Bragg gratings, and other forms of microwave photonic filters. Usually, approximate single-purpose approaches have been presented to analyze OEOs utilizing such resonators. Here a general framework for analyzing the performance of OEOs implementing RF and optical filters/resonators with arbitrary linear transfer functions is presented. Consequently, it can consider, for example, the most general dispersion models of the fibers as well as any OEO architecture using a combination of different optical resonators. It can also consider the noise transfer between any sidebands of the RF or optical signals and any kind of amplitude noise to phase noise transfers and vice versa. The non-idealities of the electro-optic modulators such as the chirping and finite extinction ratios can also be taken into account. The validity of the new approach is verified by comparing its results with those previously published in the literature. In particular, the case of a WGMR plus delay line OEO is considered for comparisons.

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Frequency‐domain behavioural noise analysis of analogue phase‐locked loops

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Frequency domain analysis of optoelectronic oscillators utilizing optical and RF resonators with arbitrary transfer functions

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