Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave LIDAR and 3D Imaging by Using Linear Frequency Modulation Based on Injection Locking

Dong, Yongkang; Zhu, Zongda; Tian, Xin; Qiu, Liqiang; Ba, Dexin

doi:10.1109/jlt.2021.3050772

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…First, an auxiliary interferometer is used to correct the nonlinearity in frequency sweeping, which is a common method in the reported research [8,9,13]. Without closed-loop feedback control [24,52] or other complicated devices, such as an additional laser source [12] or frequency comb [53], it is low in cost and easy to set up. Second, we use another laser source and set up DC-LFI for OPL drift compensation, and it is still effective even if the echo power from the noncooperative target is weak, or the target suffers intensive disturbance.…”

Section: System Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different from the optical frequency comb [1], both stability and accuracy in measurements of FSI can be achieved inexpensively. Furthermore, an FSI-based ranging finder can monitor the distance and Doppler-based velocity of the target simultaneously in a single measurement [11,12]. This is of great significance when monitoring moving targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency-swept feedback interferometry for noncooperative-target ranging with a stand-off distance of several hundred meters

Wang

Dai

et al. 2022

PhotoniX

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Frequency-swept interferometry (FSI) is a powerful ranging method with high precision and immunity to ambient light. However, the stand-off distance of the current FSI-based ranging system for noncooperative targets is relatively short because the weak echo power cannot provide the needed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here, we report a ranging method that combines FSI and the laser feedback technique. Compared with conventional FSI, the interference between the weak echo signal and the local oscillator occurs in the laser cavity, which enhances the signal spontaneously and then provides an improved SNR. In the experiments, the detection limit of the echo power is less than 0.1 fW, with a 1 mW probe beam. Based on the enhancement from the laser feedback technique, the system can detect a noncooperative target that is up to hundreds of meters away in space without extra optical amplifiers. On the other hand, a large stand-off distance makes the system sensitive to environmental disturbance, which degrades the ranging precision. To address this issue, an interferometry-based compensation device, which is also sensitive to weak echoes from noncooperative targets, is proposed to monitor the optical-path-length drifts and ensure accurate beat frequency recognition. Moreover, the device can record distance changes during the integration time of ranging and track a moving target precisely with improved temporal resolution. Owing to the high sensitivity and the validity of the compensation approach, the standard deviation in 10 measurements is better than 0.07 mm when targeting an aluminum sheet at approximately 152 m. Generally, with a large range, high relative precision, and low photon consumption, the novel technical scheme for laser ranging demonstrates new capabilities that promise to enable a wide range of applications, such as large equipment assembly and noncooperative-target tracking.

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Section: System Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-swept feedback interferometry for noncooperative-target ranging with a stand-off distance of several hundred meters

Wang

Dai

et al. 2022

PhotoniX

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“…Multi-band microwave waveforms have attracted much interest in diversified applications including modern radar systems, laser ranging, three-dimensional stereo imaging, and intelligent driving [1][2][3][4][5] . Especially, the linear chirped microwave signals can significantly improve the special measurement range and detection accuracy of the radar because of its defined waveform 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiband microwave waveforms transmitting system using dual fiber combs

Xiong

Yao

et al. 2023

SPIE-CLP Conference on Advanced Photonics 2022

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In this work, a multiband microwave waveforms transmitting system was demonstrated based on all-optical dual fiber combs. Two optical fiber frequency combs via cascaded four waves mixing process ensure the coherence of the system by sharing the pump light. The high-speed frequency tuning of the pump laser will be transferred to each newly generated comb line through the nonlinear effect in the fiber. The comb pairs of the same order obtained through filtering transform the frequency chirp in the optical domain to the frequency chirp in the electrical domain after being beat on the PD. By changing the parameters of the control signal, the center frequency, bandwidth, PRF and envelope of the multi band microwave signal can be flexibly reconfigurable. Thanks to the coherence of dual optical frequency combs, microwave signals all show excellent line-type, high signal to noise ratio and no burrs. As a result, the chirped microwave signals of triangle wave, sine wave and sawtooth wave types are obtained at the repetition rate of 500 Hz. Overall, multi-band chirped microwave generation system based on all-optical system provides a practical device for transmitting and receiving multi band radar.

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“…Currently, integrated laser sources require external linearization or precompensation. Most digital approaches towards photonic integrated FMCW LiDAR, which employ injection-locking of a high power laser diode to an electro-optically modulated sideband of a coherent laser can deliver excellent linearity and low noise 27 , 28 , but today require bulk optical circulators and fibre laser oscillators for operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging

et al. 2022

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Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging (FMCW LiDAR) enables distance mapping with simultaneous position and velocity information, is immune to stray light, can achieve long range, operate in the eye-safe region of 1550 nm and achieve high sensitivity. Despite its advantages, it is compounded by the simultaneous requirement of both narrow linewidth low noise lasers that can be precisely chirped. While integrated silicon-based lasers, compatible with wafer scale manufacturing in large volumes at low cost, have experienced major advances and are now employed on a commercial scale in data centers, and impressive progress has led to integrated lasers with (ultra) narrow sub-100 Hz-level intrinsic linewidth based on optical feedback from photonic circuits, these lasers presently lack fast nonthermal tuning, i.e. frequency agility as required for coherent ranging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid photonic integrated laser that exhibits very narrow intrinsic linewidth of 25 Hz while offering linear, hysteresis-free, and mode-hop-free-tuning beyond 1 GHz with up to megahertz actuation bandwidth constituting 1.6 × 1015 Hz/s tuning speed. Our approach uses foundry-based technologies - ultralow-loss (1 dB/m) Si3N4 photonic microresonators, combined with aluminium nitride (AlN) or lead zirconium titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based stress-optic actuation. Electrically driven low-phase-noise lasing is attained by self-injection locking of an Indium Phosphide (InP) laser chip and only limited by fundamental thermo-refractive noise at mid-range offsets. By utilizing difference-drive and apodization of the photonic chip to suppress mechanical vibrations of the chip, a flat actuation response up to 10 MHz is achieved. We leverage this capability to demonstrate a compact coherent LiDAR engine that can generate up to 800 kHz FMCW triangular optical chirp signals, requiring neither any active linearization nor predistortion compensation, and perform a 10 m optical ranging experiment, with a resolution of 12.5 cm. Our results constitute a photonic integrated laser system for scenarios where high compactness, fast frequency actuation, and high spectral purity are required.

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Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave LIDAR and 3D Imaging by Using Linear Frequency Modulation Based on Injection Locking

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Frequency-swept feedback interferometry for noncooperative-target ranging with a stand-off distance of several hundred meters

Frequency-swept feedback interferometry for noncooperative-target ranging with a stand-off distance of several hundred meters

Multiband microwave waveforms transmitting system using dual fiber combs

Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging

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