Frequent gain and loss of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the evolution of Senecio section Jacobaea (Asteraceae)

Pelser, Pieter B.; Vos, Helene de; Theuring, Claudine; Beuerle, Till; Vrieling, Klaas; Hartmann, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.04.015

Cited by 91 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These findings corroborate data presented by Pelser et al (2005), who showed that individual PAs were frequently gained and lost in the evolutionary history of Jacobaea, and that PAs are therefore often not conserved in closely related species. We did not find any evidence that composition or concentration of PAs are correlated with adult feeding by the PA-adapted specialist herbivores tested here, although we cannot rule out that one or a small number of uncommon PAs are more effective deterrents than others.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Leaf material was not always harvested concurrently for use in PA extractions and feeding trials, due to the duration over which feeding trials were conducted. However, variation in PA concentration and composition is genetically controlled in at least J. vulgaris (Vrieling et al 1993), and PA composition is considered to be species specific (Hartmann and Dierich 1998;Macel et al 2002;Pelser et al 2005).…”

Section: Longitarsus Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of major structural groups of secondary metabolites have been described from the plant kingdom, but the countless closely related structures within some of these major groups (e.g. alkaloids and terpenoids) makes this diversity even more astonishing (Hartmann and Witte 1995;Hartmann 1996;Wink 2003;Pelser et al 2005;Langel et al 2011). Yet, except for a few well-known cases, interactions between specialist herbivores and the array of secondary metabolites in their host plants is not well understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Can plant resistance to specialist herbivores be explained by plant chemistry or resource use strategy?

et al. 2011

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At both a macro- and micro-evolutionary level, selection of and performance on host plants by specialist herbivores are thought to be governed partially by host plant chemistry. Thus far, there is little evidence to suggest that specialists can detect small structural differences in secondary metabolites of their hosts, or that such differences affect host choice or performance of specialists. We tested whether phytochemical differences between closely related plant species are correlated with specialist host choice. We conducted no-choice feeding trials using 17 plant species of three genera of tribe Senecioneae (Jacobaea, Packera, and Senecio; Asteraceae) and a more distantly related species (Cynoglossum officinale; Boraginaceae) containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), and four PA-sequestering specialist herbivores of the genus Longitarsus (Chrysomelidae). We also assessed whether variation in feeding by specialist herbivores is attributable to different resource use strategies of the tested plant species. Plant resource use strategy was quantified by measuring leaf dry matter content, which is related to both plant nutritive value and to plant investment in quantitative defences. We found no evidence that intra-generic differences in PA profiles affect feeding by specialist herbivores. Instead, our results indicate that decisions to begin feeding are related to plant resource use strategy, while decisions to continue feeding are not based on any plant characteristics measured in this study. These findings imply that PA composition does not significantly affect host choice by these specialist herbivores. Leaf dry matter content is somewhat phylogenetically conserved, indicating that plants may have difficulty altering resource use strategy in response to selection pressure by herbivores and other environmental factors on an evolutionary time scale.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Longitarsus Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can plant resistance to specialist herbivores be explained by plant chemistry or resource use strategy?

et al. 2011

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“…In all Senecio species so far studied senecionine N-oxide is the primary product of biosynthesis which is exclusively synthesized in the roots and then distributed all over the plant (Hartmann et al 1989). As a backbone structure senecionine Noxide is structurally diversified into specific PA profiles that characterize the various Senecio species (Hartmann & Dierich 1998;Pelser et al 2005). Structural diversification may occur in all plant organs (Hartmann & Dierich 1998).…”

Section: Special Features Of the Pa Profile Of Pittocaulon Praecoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceroplastes albolineatus, the first scale insect shown to sequester pyrrolizidine alkaloids from its host-plant Pittocaulon praecox

et al. 2007

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The occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in Pittocaulon (ex Senecio) praecox (Asteraceae) a species endemic to Mexico was established. The aboveground plant organs contain the 1,2-saturated monoester 7-angeloyl-dihydroxyheliotridane together with a small proportion of its 9-angeloyl isomer as major alkaloid. The monoesters are accompanied by the macrocyclic otonecine derivative senkirkine. Roots contain only related macrocyclic PAs with senecionine, senkirkine and platyphylline as major components; monoesters are absent. The broom-like succulent stems of P. praecox are infested by the scale insect Ceroplastes albolineatus conspicuously visible by its huge wax cover. All life-history stages, i.e. females, eggs, first instar nymphs (crawlers) and the wax cover were found associated with PAs. The measured PA concentrations clearly indicate sequestration. The highest PA concentrations (mg / g dry weight) reached are: mature females, 0.44; eggs, 0.58; crawlers, 0.37; wax cover, 0.08. The host plant as well as in the infesting scale insect contain the PAs exclusively as free bases. As a phloem-feeder C. albolineatus must acquire the PAs with the ingested phloem sap. This appears plausible since in Senecio species PA are transmitted and circulated through the phloem path. It is suggested that PAs may protect particularly the crawlers as the most endangered stage in the life-cycle of the scale insect.

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“…It has been intensively studied in different species from Senecio genus (Pelser et al, 2005), such as S. vulgaris and S. vernalis (Hartmann & Zimmer 1986); and in Jacobaea genus, such as J. vulgaris and J. erucifolia. Several studies found that plants from invasive ranges had higher concentration and more diverse of qualitative defense than those from native area (reviewed by Doorduin & Johanna 2012;Lin 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Senecio vulgaris plants from native and invasive ranges

Cheng

Nguyen

Ndihokubwayo

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), a typical kind of secondary metabolites in plants, have important roles on defense against herbivores and pathogens; however, specialist herbivores adapted to PAs can use them as cues for oviposition and feeding. Thus, in the native ranges, PA diversity and concentration in plants were selected by the balance between pressure from generalist and specialist herbivores. In introduced ranges, where the specialist herbivores are absent, the introduced plants could increase concentration and diversity of PAs. This predication is deduced from the Shift Defense Hypothesis (SDH). In this research, we investigated whether there were any differences between native and invasive Senecio vulgaris plants (from Europe and China, respectively) with regards to the PA composition and concentration. We grew the native and invasive S. vulgaris plants in an identical condition and harvested them when they started to bloom. Their roots and shoots were separately harvested and dried. PA composition and concentration from powder of the shoots and roots were detected by using liquid chromatography -tanderm mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We identified 14 PAs which belongs to the structural group senecionine -like PAs. Most of them occurred in both the native and invasive S. vulgaris plants, except the usaramine N -oxide that was only found in the native ones. From the 14 PAs identified, only riddelliine N -oxide had significantly higher present frequency in the invasive plants than in the native plants. The invasive S. vulgaris plants had significantly lower concentration of 3 individual PAs (seneciphylline N -oxide, spartioidine and spartioidine N -oxide) than the native ones. These results demonstrated that PA diversity and concentration of some individual PAs tended to reduce in the invasive range of S. vulgaris. This is contrary to the predictions of the SDH that the invasive plants would produce more qualitative defense than the native ones, and it is probably an evidence that a little trade -off between defense and growth happened to the S. vulgaris in China.

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Frequent gain and loss of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the evolution of Senecio section Jacobaea (Asteraceae)

Cited by 91 publications

References 26 publications

Can plant resistance to specialist herbivores be explained by plant chemistry or resource use strategy?

Can plant resistance to specialist herbivores be explained by plant chemistry or resource use strategy?

Ceroplastes albolineatus, the first scale insect shown to sequester pyrrolizidine alkaloids from its host-plant Pittocaulon praecox

Variation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Senecio vulgaris plants from native and invasive ranges

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