Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D High-Strength Printing Concrete and Its Recent Applications

Özalp, Fatih; Yilmaz, Halit

doi:10.1007/s40996-020-00370-4

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the group without AEA, a compressive strength value (~55 MPa) corresponding to the lower limit of high-strength concrete determined by ACI PRC-363-10 [ 93 ] was obtained. In the study conducted by Özalp et al [ 75 ], White Portland 52.5 R-type cement was used and the compressive strength of the 3D printable concrete produced was also close to the strength value found in this study (approx. 60 MPa).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Open time of the 3D printable cementitious materials can be determined based on the shear stress test, jump table, Vicat apparatus, V-Funnel method, penetration tests, and mini cone. In this study, the open times of the mixtures were determined with the Vicat apparatus, considering the suggestions made by the authors of [ 43 , 72 , 75 ]. In the experiments, 3D printable mortars were filled in the Vicat mould specified in TS EN 196-3 [ 76 ] without rodding then the penetration depths of the needle were measured at certain time intervals and the open times of the mortars were interpreted by using these measurements.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fresh and Rheological Performances of Air-Entrained 3D Printable Mortars

Tarhan

Şahin

2021

Materials

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The effect of air-entraining admixture (AEA) on the fresh and rheological behavior of mortars designed to be used in 3D printers was investigated. Blast furnace slag, calcined kaolin clay, polypropylene fiber, and various chemical additives were used in the mortar mixtures produced with Super White Cement (CEM I 52.5 R) and quartz sand. In addition to unit weight, air content, and compressive strength tests, in order to determine the stability of 3D printable mortar elements created by extruding layer by layer without any deformation, extrudability, buildability, and open time tests were applied. Fresh and rheological properties of 3D printable mortars were also determined. It was concluded that the addition of AEA to the mortars decreased the unit weight, viscosity, yield, and compressive strength, but increased the air content, spread diameter, initial setting time, and thixotropy of 3D printable mortar. It is recommended to develop a unique chemical admixture for 3D printable mortars, considering the active ingredients of the chemical additives that affect fresh and rheological performance of mortar such as superplasticizer, viscosity modifying, and cement hydration control.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh and Rheological Performances of Air-Entrained 3D Printable Mortars

Tarhan

Şahin

2021

Materials

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“…Despite some more sustainable approaches using geopolymeric mortars, 23,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] the use of Portland Cement (PC) remains the one with best results: of the 21 studied compositions, 16 mentioned the PC, and 8 specified that used 52.5 R PC class (Figure 1). 4,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50] The choice of a fast-setting and high-strength cement can be justified by characteristics needed for the 3D printing construction process, since it does not have the curing process traditional formwork. It is necessary immediate resistance so that there is no deformation in lower layers due to upper layers weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…58,63 River sand was the most used type of aggregate, in 16 of the 21 compositions. The compositions 44,47,59 presented siliceous sand as aggregates. This preference was justified by mechanical strength increase and final finishing possible improvement.…”

Section: Workability / Pumpability Mechanical Strength Extrudability Dimension Conformity Buildabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of 3D printing sustainable mortars based on a bibliometric analysis

Teixeira

Schaefer

Rangel

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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In construction, three-dimensional concrete printing technology is an innovative method that opens new design possibilities, reducing the construction time process. The incremental material deposition allows organic shapes without formwork, a mandatory constraint in preparatory phases of conventional complex concrete structures. Nowadays, in three-dimensional printing for construction industry, concrete is the most used material due to its workability, extrudability, and pumpability properties favorable for the printing conditions. Hence, this composition still has a poor sustainable efficiency due to the high levels of Portland Cement. In this research, a reduction of this material was studied and experimented searching for a mortar composition with better ecological footprint, with the objective of decreasing the CO2 emissions. A bibliometric analysis was made to study the constituents of a mortar for three-dimensional printing and respective dosage. The knowledge acquired in the analysis of the compositions contributed to the development of mortars with lower Portland Cement content. A mechanical extruder was used to check the extrusion capacity of the developed mortars, and the best compositions are presented.

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Mechanical properties, durability performance and interlayer adhesion of 3DPC mixtures: A state‐of‐the‐art review

Şahin

Mardani‐Aghabaglou

2023

Structural Concrete

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In this study, the strength and durability performance of 3D printing concrete mixtures (3DPC) were examined in terms of the materials used in their production and printing process parameters (interlayer interval time, printing speed, and nozzle shape). Due to the anisotropic nature of 3DPC, it was understood that the compressive strength depends on the loading direction. It was emphasized that it is necessary to control the shrinkage behavior of 3DPC mixtures due to the lack of formwork and the high dosage of binders. It was reported that the interlayer adhesion of 3DPC is highly dependent on the interlayer interval time and printing speed parameters. It was understood that nozzle shape and standoff distance affect the mechanical properties and surface roughness of 3DPC specimens, and this effect is more pronounced in mixtures with high static yield stress values.

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Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D High-Strength Printing Concrete and Its Recent Applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Fresh and Rheological Performances of Air-Entrained 3D Printable Mortars

Fresh and Rheological Performances of Air-Entrained 3D Printable Mortars

Development of 3D printing sustainable mortars based on a bibliometric analysis

Mechanical properties, durability performance and interlayer adhesion of 3DPC mixtures: A state‐of‐the‐art review

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