Gravads were prepared from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and evaluated its shelf life during chilled (6°C) and iced (0°C) storage. For standardizing the gravading process, different salt:sugar combinations of gravad mix and two steaks to gravad mixture ratio (1:0.1 and 1:0.2) were selected. Gravads prepared using 1:2 salt‐sugar in the gravad mix and a ratio of 1:0.1 steaks to gravad mix was found optimum combination. Gravads prepared using the standardized combination of salt and sugar were stored at 0°C and 6°C and evaluated for its biochemical and sensorial changes. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N) increased from 10.25 mg/100 g to 29.85 and 30.66 mg/100 g on Day 41 and Day 49 for chilled and iced samples, respectively. The extend of secondary oxidation was low in both samples, registering an increase from 0.14 mg MDA/kg sample to 0.814 and 0.851 MDA/kg sample on 41st and 49th day, respectively, for chilled and iced samples. Water soluble and salt soluble nitrogen contents were reduced to 1.82 and 5.47 mg/100 g and 1.58 and 4.72 mg/100 g by the end of 41st and 49th day, respectively, for chilled and ice stored gravads. The shelf life of gravads was determined as 41 days under chilled storage and 45 days under iced storage.
Practical applications
Nile tilapia is widely cultured fish species in India after the Indian major carps. It is of great interest to the farmers and demand among the consumers because of its fast growth rate and good meat quality. Value addition is an effective approach to utilize this resource cost‐effectively during excessive production periods. Conversion of Nile tilapia into gravads not only increases the value but also enhances the quality and shelf life of the product. The results of the present study provide an idea of appropriate process parameters for making gravads from Nile tilapia and information on its shelf life under refrigerated storage.