“…Due to their ecological and economic importance, interesting biological traits (e.g., a parasitic life with the reproductive dependence on a host fish and a particular form of mitochondrial inheritance called double uniparental inheritance; Barnhart et al, 2008;Breton et al, 2007;Hoeh et al, 1996Hoeh et al, , 2002a, scientific research on Unionida has grown in recent years (Haag, 2012;Lopes-Lima et al, 2014). However, taxon-based conservation efforts focused on the Unionidae are hindered by various phylogenetic and taxonomic uncertainties (e.g., Inoue et al, 2014;, and many species, especially those outside of North America and Western Europe, have been assigned a Data Deficient status by the IUCN (Bogan and Roe, 2008;IUCN, 2015;Kohler et al, 2012).…”