Fretting Wear of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites

Abstract

Carbon, glass, and aramid fiber-reinforced epoxy composites were exposed to oscillatory sliding against various metallic counterparts (steel, aluminum, brass, and titanium) in a flat-on-flat arrangement. The peak-to-peak oscillation width amounted to 700 μm; the contact pressure was 15 MPa. The formation of an interphase layer of wear debris, whose composition was determined by the reinforcing fiber, was found to govern the friction and wear mechanisms. The particulate debris of the glass and carbon fibers are more effective in separating the counterparts than the debris of the soft polymeric aramid fibers. Furthermore, the carbon fiber and, even more, the glass fiber particles act as an abrasive interlayer, which increases water. The abrasive effect of the fiber debris is more detrimental for the softer (aluminum, brass) than for the harder counterparts (steel, titanium).

Tribological behaviour of carbon-nanofibre-reinforced poly(ether ether ketone)

“…The difference in the wear behaviour of these commercial composites, with either metal counterpart, is influenced by several factors. Reducing the hardness of the metal counterpart often results in a higher wear rate of polymer composites [14,16]. Harder metal counterparts are less easily roughened by the fibre debris and in turn show a lower abrasive effect on the polymer surface.…”

Processing and Mechanical Property Characterization of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Carbon Matrix Nanocomposites

“…Porosity of this magnitude is observed in the low resolution SEM micrographs of the A-CMNCs (see Figure 2b) To put the properties of the CNT A-CMNCs into perspective, four different metal alloys are used as a comparison: 31 a low carbon CrNi-steel (X5 CrNi 189), a Ti alloy (TiAl6V4), an Al alloy (AlMgSi1), and a brass (CuZn40Pb2). The metal alloys have the following microhardness 31 and density values (from their respective data sheet): 296 kg/mm 2 and 7900 kg/m 3 for the low carbon steel; 305 kg/mm 2 and 4420 kg/m 3 for the Ti alloy; 135 kg/mm 2 and 2700 kg/m 3 for the Al alloy; 160 kg/mm 2 and 8430 kg/m 3 for the brass. As shown in Table 1, the specific hardness of the CNT A-CMNC ( 5.34 M P a · m 3 /kg) far exceeds all the values calculated for the four different metal alloys: 0.37 M P a · m 3 /kg for the low carbon steel; 0.68 M P a · m 3 /kg for the Ti alloy; 0.49 M P a · m 3 /kg for the Al alloy; 0.19 M P a · m 3 /kg for the brass.…”