Friction between different wire-bracketconfigurations and materials

Kusy, Robert P.; Whitley, Julia

doi:10.1016/s1073-8746(97)80067-9

Cited by 215 publications

(239 citation statements)

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“…Many studies have shown that lower angulations showed less resistance to sliding when compared with higher angulations 7,8,12,13 . These findings support the present study results that showed statistically significant differences for all the wires and at all angles studied for all brackets, except for RM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the roughness, hardness and thickness of the wires influence the intensity of friction, being more evident in wires with lower hardness and greater flexibility 2,7 . There is increasing resistance to sliding as the angles increase [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Considering the types of brackets, the self-ligating system has lower frictional forces compared with conventional types 9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of friction produced by self-ligating, conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets

Barbosa

Elias

Basting

2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: O bráquete Barbosa Versátil apresenta um desenho que pode promover menor resistência friccional e maior deslize. No entanto, nenhum estudo in vitro avaliou seu mecanismo de deslize e resistência ao atrito, mesmo quando comparado com outros bráquetes autoligados ou convencionais. Objetivo: Comparar a resistência ao atrito entre bráquetes autoligados (EasyClip/ Aditek, Damon MX/ Ormco e In Ovation R/ GAC), convencionais (Balance Roth/ GAC, and Roth Monobloco/ Morelli) e o bráquete Barbosa Versátil (Barbosa Versatile/ GAC) com diferentes angulações e fios. Material e método: Os bráquetes foram avaliados com fios de aço inox 0.014", 0.018", 0.019"×0.025" e 0.021"×0.025", com angulações de 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20 graus. Amarrias foram realizadas com ligaduras elastoméricas para os bráquetes convencionais e para o Barbosa Versátil, enquanto que se utilizou o sistema de fechamento próprio para os bráquetes autoligados. A máquina de teste universal foi utilizada para as avaliações de resistência ao atrito entre os bráquetes e fios. Resultado: ANOVA em esquema fatorial 4 × 5 × 6 (bráquetes × angulação × fios) e o teste de Tukey mostraram que houve diferenças significativas para todos os fatores e interações (p<0,0001). Houve menor resistência ao atrito para o bráquete Barbosa Versátil e maior para os bráquetes Roth Monobloco e Balance. Conclusão: Menor resistência ao atrito foi obtida com o bráquete Barbosa Versátil e com os autoligados em comparação com os bráquetes convencionais. O aumento do diâmetro dos fios aumenta a resistência ao atrito. Menores angulações promovem menor resistência ao atrito.Descritores: Fricção; fios ortodônticos; bráquetes ortodônticos. Abstract Introduction:The Barbosa Versatile bracket design may provide lower frictional force and greater sliding. However, no in vitro studies have shown its sliding mechanisms and frictional resistance, particularly in comparison with other self-ligating or conventional brackets. Objective: To compare the frictional resistance among self-ligating brackets (EasyClip/ Aditek, Damon MX/ Ormco and In Ovation R/ GAC); conventional brackets (Balance Roth/ GAC, and Roth Monobloc/ Morelli); and Barbosa Versatile bracket (Barbosa Versatile/ GAC) with different angles and arch wires. Material and method: Brackets were tested with the 0.014", 0.018", 0.019"×0.025" and 0.021"×0.025" stainless steel wires, with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 degree angulations. Tying was performed with elastomeric ligature for conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets, or with a built-in clip system of the self-ligating brackets. A universal testing machine was used to obtain sliding strength and friction value readouts between brackets and wires. Result: Three-way factorial ANOVA 4×5×6 (brackets × angulation × wire) and Tukey tests showed statistically significant differences for all factors and all interactions (p<0.0001). Static frictional resistance showed a lower rate for Barbosa Versatile bracket and higher rates for Roth Monobloc and Balance brackets. Conclusion: The lowest frict...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of friction produced by self-ligating, conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets

Barbosa

Elias

Basting

2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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“…1,2,26 Undesirable effects such as torque loss of upper and lower incisors (5 -10°) during space closure mechanics can be attributed to changes in the bracket slot size. 1 The lack of standardization in the wire and bracket slots dimensions will also directly influence on the frictional resistance, hindering the sliding mechanics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The lack of standardization in the wire and bracket slots dimensions will also directly influence on the frictional resistance, hindering the sliding mechanics. 2 It must be observed that with the best combination between bracket and wires, at least 40 g of friction should be included in the force applied to the tooth to start its movement. 3 Other factors have been linked to the force of friction between brackets and wires during tooth movement; among them, the surface texture of bracket slots and orthodontic wires.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the dimensions and surface characteristics of orthodontic wires and bracket slots

Dolci

Spohr

Zimmer

et al. 2013

Dental Press J. Orthod.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dimensions and surface characteristics of orthodontic wires and bracket slots of different commercial brands. Methods: Thirty metallic brackets (0.022 x 0.028-in and 0.022 x 0.030-in) were divided in three groups: DYN/3M group = Dyna-Lock, 3M/Unitek (stainless steel, or SS); STD/MO group = Slim Morelli (SS); and Ni-Free/MO group = Slim Morelli (Ni-Free). The stainless steel wires (0.019 x 0.025-in) were divided into two groups: MO group = Morelli; and 3M group = 3M/Unitek. The bracket and wire measurements were done by two methods: (a) Surface Electron Microscopy (SEM), and (b) Profile projection. The surface analysis was done qualitatively, based on SEM images and/or by a rugosimeter. The quantitative results were analyzed by ANOVA with Tukey's test (p < 0.05) and Student's t test. Results: A significant difference in the dimensions of slots was observed, and the NiFree/MO group showed the greatest changes when compared to the other groups. The analysis of surface topography of the brackets indicated greater homogeneity of the metallic matrix for DYN/3M and STD/MO groups. As for the dimensions of the wires, groups showed statistically different mean heights. Conclusions: It was concluded that wires and brackets slots can present altered dimensions, which might directly and unintentionally affect the planned tooth movement.Keywords: Orthodontic brackets. Orthodontic wires. Friction.Objetivo: o objetivo desse estudo é avaliar as dimensões e as características superficiais de fios retangulares e slots de braquetes de diferentes marcas comerciais. Métodos: trinta braquetes metálicos (0,022" x 0,028'' e 0,022'' x 0,030'') foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo DYN/3M = Dyna-Lock, 3M/Unitek, aço inoxidável (AI); Grupo STD/MO = Slim Morelli (AI); e Grupo NiFree/MO = Slim Morelli (Ni-Free). Já os fios retangulares (0,019" x 0,025''), de aço inoxidável, foram divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo MO = Morelli; Grupo 3M = 3M/Unitek. As mensurações dos slots dos braquetes e dos fios foram realizadas por dois métodos: (a) microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), e (b) projeção de perfil. A análise da topografia superficial foi realizada qualitativamente, baseada em imagens microscópicas (MEV) e/ou por meio de um rugosímetro. Os resultados quantitativos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANO-VA) com o teste de Tukey (p < 0,05) ou o teste t de Student. Resultados: observou-se diferença significativa entre as dimensões dos slots dos braquetes, sendo que o Grupo NiFree/MO apresentou a maior alteração quando comparado aos demais Grupos. A análise da topografia superficial dos braquetes indicou maior homogeneidade da matriz metálica nos Grupos DYN/3M e STD/MO. Quanto às dimensões dos fios, os grupos tiveram alturas médias estatisticamente diferentes entre si. Conclusão: concluiu-se que a conformação dos fios e dos slots dos braquetes pode apresentar alterações dimensionais, o que afetará direta e indesejavelmente o movimento dentário planejado.Palavras-chave: Braquetes ortod...

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Resistance to sliding of orthodontic appliances in the dry and wet states: Influence of archwire alloy, interbracket distance, and bracket engagement

Kusy

Whitley

2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Having established dimensional and mechanical characteristics, the resistances to sliding (RS) were measured in vitro for various archwires against stainless steel brackets. Using stainless steel ligatures, a constant normal force (300g) was maintained while second-order angulation (straight theta) was varied from -12 degrees to +12 degrees. Using miniature bearings to simulate contiguous teeth, five experiments each were run in the dry or wet states with human saliva at 34 degrees C as a function of four archwire alloys, five interbracket distances, and two bracket engagements. Outcomes were objectively analyzed to establish when theta=0, and the relative contact angles ( theta(r)) were replotted. Critical contact angles (theta(c)) that were determined via experimentation were in good agreement with theory. Slopes and y-intercepts were tabulated from linear regression equations of RS against theta plots in both the passive (theta < or = theta (c)) and active ( theta > or = theta(c)) configurations, for which theta = theta(c) identified the boundary between classical friction and binding phenomena. Stiffer archwires and shorter interbracket distances exacerbated binding, whereas, once corrected for differing bracket engagement, RS was independent of slot dimension. Unlike earlier results in the passive configuration, in the active configuration couples comprised of titanium alloys (NiTi and (beta-Ti) had higher RS values in the wet versus the dry state. For those archwire alloys evaluated, two empirical expressions were adduced that comprise the binding component, the yield strength or elastic limit, and the beam length, which implicitly represent the stiffness, flexibility, and interbracket distance.

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Friction between different wire-bracketconfigurations and materials

Cited by 215 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of friction produced by self-ligating, conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets

Evaluation of friction produced by self-ligating, conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets

Assessment of the dimensions and surface characteristics of orthodontic wires and bracket slots

Resistance to sliding of orthodontic appliances in the dry and wet states: Influence of archwire alloy, interbracket distance, and bracket engagement

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