Friction of magnetene, a non–van der Waals 2D material

Serles, Peter; Arif, Taib; Puthirath, Anand B.; Yadav, Shwetank; Wang, Guorui; Cui, Teng; Balan, Aravind Puthirath; Yadav, Thakur Prasad; Prasankumar, Thibeorchews; Chakingal, Nithya; Costin, Gelu; Singh, Chandra Veer; Ajayan, Pulickel M.; Filleter, Tobin

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abk2041

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…As the interlayer coupling is not critical to the performance of Ti 3 C 2 T x lubricity, we instead consider the surface interaction between the MXene termination groups and the diamond-tipped cantilever which slides across the surface in FFM. Surface species have shown significant influence on the frictional properties of 2D materials − and the termination of Ti 3 C 2 T x is well-known to govern the binding energy, work function and electronic properties, polymer reinforcement properties, and many other characteristics of MXenes. As such, we calculate the potential energy surface (PES) of MXenes with exclusively fluorine, oxygen, and hydroxyl termination as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Termination Functionality Of Mxenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes

et al. 2022

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2D materials are well-known for their low-friction behavior by modifying the interfacial forces at atomic surfaces. Of the wide range of 2D materials, MXenes represent an emerging material class but their lubricating behavior has been scarcely investigated. Herein, the friction mechanisms of 2D Ti3C2T x MXenes are demonstrated which are attributed to their surface terminations. We find that Ti3C2T x MXenes do not exhibit the well-known frictional layer dependence of other 2D materials. Instead, the nanoscale lubricity of 2D MXenes is governed by the termination species resulting from synthesis. Annealing the MXenes demonstrate a 7% reduction in OH termination which translates to a 16–57% reduction of friction in agreement with DFT calculations. Finally, the stability of MXene flakes is demonstrated upon isolation from their aqueous environment. This work indicates that MXenes can provide sustainable lubricity at any thickness which makes them uniquely positioned among 2D material lubricants.

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Section: Termination Functionality Of Mxenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes

et al. 2022

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“…However, non-vdW materials with no obvious layered structure are yet vastly unexplored despite the high importance of their bulk form in existing industrial applications. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Current synthesis methods of 2D-like non-vdW materials have limits owing to their complicated process. This limits the number of available non-vdW materials and inhibits the widespread investigations of its possible applications and scientific phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angstrom-confined electrochemical synthesis of non van der Waals 2D metal oxides

Lee

Nishina

et al. 2023

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Materials in 2-dimensional (2D) form show remarkable properties and unexplored scientific phenomena compared to their bulk form. Layered, van der Waals (vdW) materials have an obvious 2D structure, whereas non-vdW materials have no preference to obtain 2D form. This limits the number of currently available 2D non-vDW materials. Here, we introduce a straightforward electrochemical method utilizing the angstrom-confinement of laminar reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanochannels to obtain a porous polycrystalline network of 2D transition metal oxides (2D-TMO), a class of non-vdW materials. During synthesis the angstrom-confinement provides a thickness limitation, forcing sub-unit cell growth of 2D-TMO with oxygen and metal vacancies. We showcase that Cr2O3, a material without significant catalytic activity for OER in bulk form, can be activated as a high-performing catalyst if synthesized in the 2D sub-unit cell form. Our approach creates a strategy for combining the high activity of 2D form and high stability and robustness of bulk form. Our accessible method for obtaining 2D-TMO holds high promise to yield exciting properties for fundamental science and applications.

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“…Apart from natural van der Waals formations, some of the cleavable materials have no van der Waals bonds in their structure. They form interlayer bonds of a different nature, e.g., covalent, but of comparable strengths and bear the name of non-van der Waals materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . Vivid examples are atomic sheets of Fe 2 O 3 15 , AgCrS 2 16 and FeS 2 19 obtained via sonication-assisted and cation-intercalation exfoliation methods, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-refractive index and mechanically cleavable non-van der Waals InGaS3

et al. 2022

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The growing family of two-dimensional crystals has been recognized as a promising platform for investigation of rich low-dimension physics and production of a variety of devices. Of particular interest are recently reported atomic sheets of non-van der Waals materials, which reshape our understanding of chemical bonds and enable heterostructures with novel functionality. Here, we study the structural and optical properties of ultrathin non-van der Waals InGaS3 sheets produced by standard mechanical cleavage. Our ab initio calculations reveal weak out-of-plane covalent bonds, responsible for the layered structure of the material. The energy required for isolation of a single layer is as low as ~50 meVÅ–2, which is comparable with the conventional van der Waals material’s monolayer isolation energies of 20–60 meVÅ–2. A comprehensive study of the structural, vibrational, and optical properties of the material reveals its wide bandgap (2.73 eV), high refractive index (>2.5) and negligible losses in the visible and infrared spectral ranges. These properties make it a perfect candidate for visible-range all-dielectric nanophotonics.

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Friction of magnetene, a non–van der Waals 2D material

Abstract: The friction of magnetene is found to be low despite its covalent bonding, which is correlated to its 2D confinement effects.

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes

Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes

Angstrom-confined electrochemical synthesis of non van der Waals 2D metal oxides

High-refractive index and mechanically cleavable non-van der Waals InGaS3

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Friction of magnetene, a non–van der Waals 2D material

Abstract: The friction of magnetene is found to be low despite its covalent bonding, which is correlated to its 2D confinement effects.

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Friction of Ti3C2Tx MXenes

Friction of Ti3C2Tx MXenes

Angstrom-confined electrochemical synthesis of non van der Waals 2D metal oxides

High-refractive index and mechanically cleavable non-van der Waals InGaS3

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Product

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Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes

Friction of Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes