Friction stir welding and friction stir spot welding of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to other materials: A review

Arif, Mohammad; Kumar, Dilip; Siddiquee, Arshad Noor

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.621

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The performance of its fiber-reinforced composites has also been studied, aiming to improve the process [19]. Joining different polymers with FSW has been investigated for various polymers, for example, PMMA welded with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) [20]. Additionally, polymers have been welded with other materials as well, such as wood-plastic composites [21], aluminum [22], or metals [23,24], with the FSW process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Friction Stir Welding Optimization of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene in Hybrid Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2022

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The feasibility of joining material extrusion (MEX) 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plates with the friction stir welding (FSW) process was investigated herein as a promising topic of hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM). The influence of three process parameters on the mechanical strength of the joints was thoroughly examined and analyzed with a full factorial experimental design and statistical modeling. Hereto, the welding tool pin geometry, travel speed, and rotational speed were investigated. The joint’s efficiency and quality are evaluated through tensile tests and morphological characterization. More specifically, specimens’ areas of particular interest were investigated with stereoscopic, optical, and scanning electron microscopy. Throughout the FSW experimental course, the welding temperature was monitored to evaluate the state of the ABS material during the process. The majority of the welded specimens exhibited increased mechanical strength compared with the respective ones of non-welded 3D printed specimens of the same geometry. Statistical modeling proved that all processing parameters were significant. The feasibility of the FSW process in 3D printed ABS workpieces was confirmed, making the FSW a cost-effective process for joining 3D printing parts, further expanding the industrial merit of the approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymers 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 22 butadiene styrene (ABS) [20]. Additionally, polymers have been welded with other materials as well, such as wood-plastic composites [21], aluminum [22], or metals [23,24], with the FSW process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Stir Welding Optimization of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene in Hybrid Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, polymers are light and easily formable materials. These properties make polymers an attractive material for the automobile and aerospace industries [ 2 ]. With that comes the need to be able to join metals to polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Technical Review of the Friction Stir Welding of Metal-to-Polymer Hybrid Structures

et al. 2022

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Metal–polymer hybrid structures are becoming desirable due to their wide range of applications in the automotive, aerospace, biomedical and construction industries. Properties such as a light weight, high specific strength, and design flexibility along with the low manufacturing costs of metal–polymer hybrid structures make them widely attractive in several applications. One of the main challenges that hinders the widespread utilization of metal–polymer hybrid structures is the challenging dissimilar joining of metals to polymers. Friction stir welding (FSW) shows a promising potential in overcoming most of the issues and limitations faced in the conventional joining methods of such structures. Several works in the literature have explored the FSW of different metal-to-polymer combinations. In some of the works, the joints are examined based on processing parameter optimization, microstructural characteristics, and mechanical performances. It is, therefore, important to summarize the findings of these works as a means of providing a reference to researchers to facilitate further research on the utilization of FSW in joining metals to polymers. Thus, this work aims to present a comprehensive technical review on the FSW technique for joining metals to polymers by reviewing the reported literature findings on the impact of materials, tools, process parameters, and defects on the strength and microstructure of the produced joints. In addition, this work reviews and presents the latest practices aiming to enhance the metal–polymer joint quality that have been reported in the literature.

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The impact of process parameters and pin-to-shoulder diameter ratio on the welding performance of polycarbonate in FSW

Vidakis,

Mountakis,

Moutsopoulou

et al. 2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The utilization of friction stir welding (FSW) for the joining of polymers and composites is gaining increasing recognition due to its capabilities. In this study, the weldability of 4 mm thick polycarbonate (PC) plates in FSW is examined. Statistical modeling tools were employed to investigate the effect of four control parameters, i.e., rotational speed, travel speed, weld tool shoulder, and pin diameter, on the geometrical characteristics (residual thickness) of the weld region and the mechanical performance of the weld components under flexural and tensile loads. A screening experimental procedure with an L9 Taguchi was initially performed to calibrate the control parameter levels. During the welding procedure, the temperature profiles were continuously recorded to verify the materials’ solid state. The welding efficiency of the joint was also assessed, with a 90% welding efficiency achieved in the study. The morphological characteristics of the welded zones were assessed through optical and scanning electron microscopy. The samples welded with 4 mm/min travel speed, 10 mm shoulder diameter, 1000 rpm rotational speed, and 3 mm pin diameter had the highest mechanical performance. Overall, a shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio between 2.5 and 3 achieved the best results. The findings provide valuable information for the weld performance optimization of PC sheets, which can be employed successfully in real-life uses. Graphical abstract

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Friction stir welding and friction stir spot welding of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to other materials: A review

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Friction Stir Welding Optimization of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene in Hybrid Additive Manufacturing

Friction Stir Welding Optimization of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene in Hybrid Additive Manufacturing

A Comprehensive Technical Review of the Friction Stir Welding of Metal-to-Polymer Hybrid Structures

The impact of process parameters and pin-to-shoulder diameter ratio on the welding performance of polycarbonate in FSW

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