Friction stir welding of Al–Mg–Li 1424 alloy

Sidhar, Harpreet; Martinez, N.; Mishra, Rajiv S.; Silvanus, J.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.111

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The figure showed that both mechanical properties, UTS and elongation, were divided into three stages. In correlation with the microstructure analysis in figure 7 and based on other researches studied the influence of microstructure on the corrosion behavior of Al-Li alloy [17][18][19][20][21], the three stages behavior could be explained in a way that, T 1 and S′ were consumed continuously due to the priority of corrosion during the corrosion process [14,15], the continuous corrosion leads to a reduction in UTS values, see figure 5(a). While the tensile strength of the joints becomes lower due to the corrosion phenomenon of the preferential phases, the corrosion byproducts generate, gathered, adhered to the surfaces, thus the early elastic drop appears.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In stage I (t 96 h), while the corrosive solution is in contact with the substrate, corrosion reaction occurs, it first reacted with the corrosive phases, such as T 1 and S′ [16,17] and this affected the tensile strength of the joint, thus the UTS decreased significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the welded parts by using FSW method are divided into a base material (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ), thermal-mechanical affect zone (TMAZ) and weld nugget zone (WNZ) [10], thus each zone shows different microstructure [11][12][13]. The precipitates in the BM primarily consist of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) and θ´(Al 2 Cu) phases [11,14,15], while in HAZ the phases are δ′ (Al 3 Li) [14,[16][17][18][19], while there are reports show S′ (Al 2 CuMg) phase in HAZ [10,[20][21][22]. In terms of WNZ, which is affected by both thermomechanical and stirring, both δ′ and β′ (Al 3 Zr) are the major strengthening phases [14,16,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Baiyao

Zhang

Khoshnaw

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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This research aims to investigate the effect of the exfoliation corrosion exposure time on the mechanical properties, the strength and elongation, of friction stir welded Al-Li alloy type 2195-T8. The exfoliation corrosion test was performed using the exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) solution, based on ASTM G34. The samples were exposed to different exposure times 24,48, 96, 192 and 384 h. The results showed that both the strength and elongation of the welded specimens-exposed to the exfoliation corrosion tests-were reduced. For example, the samples that were exposed to 384 h, their initial tensile strength and elongation were reduced by 13% and 17% respectively. The degradation process due to the exfoliation corrosion on the tensile strength was divided into three stages: fast (0-96 h: 443.7 MPa-416.3 MPa, the degraded rate was 0.29 MPa/h), steady (96-192 h: 416.3 MPa-413.4 MPa, the degraded rate was 0.03 MPa h −1 ) and medium rate MPa, the degraded rate was 0.14 MPa h −1 ). For the elongation, in general, the reduction was similar to the style of strength, but with different rates. The TEM images showed that this degradation was due to the dissolution of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) and S′ (Al 2 CuMg) phase. Also, the corrosion products and their role of adherence on the surface of the tested specimens were investigated. An empirical equation p-t (mechanical properties-exposure time) was established to calculate the effect of exposure corrosion time on the performance of welded specimens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Baiyao

Zhang

Khoshnaw

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Welding processes are classified into two major classes: fusion without exerted forces and solid state welding with large exerted pressure [1][2][3]. Solid-state methods consist of a set of welding processes that produce joining by the application of pressure at a temperature less than melting points of the parent metal and filler.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation to limit the effecting of friction stir welding factors on the strength of AA6061-T651

Asadi¹

2019

PEN

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Properties like light weight, high strength-to-weight ratio, and good corrosion resistance make aluminium alloys widely accepted in automotive industry. The low melting point of these alloys makes welding by traditional methods difficult due to the imperfections associated with fusion processes. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding method invented in 1991 at the welding institute (TWI) in the UK; melting and recasting do not occur when using this process. But joints from AA6061-T651 aluminium alloy have been friction stir welded with different welding parameters like tool rotational speed and tool welding speed with constant tool dimension. The effects of rotational and welding speeds on the tensile strength, microhardness distribution and microstructure of the welding joints were studied. The results showed that the maximum tensile strength of the joints can be achieved when using tool with 18 mm and 5 mm shoulder and pin diameter at 710 rpm tool rotational speed and 23 mm/min. Also, we observed that microhardness is markedly affected when tool rotational speed increases.

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“…Due to the complexity and high price of the large-volume metal production process, di erent metal pieces are jointed using a variety of welding methods [11][12][13][14]. Some welding methods applied in industrial purposes are corner joints, edge joints, lap joints, T-joints, and butt joints [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative boom design and welding technique to minimize energy consumption during boom production

Özcan

Yağcı

Alver³

2017

Scientia Iranica

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Abstract. This paper presents an alternative boom design for mobile cranes and a method to produce it for minimizing the energy consumption during its production. The main change in the production of the crane booms is the shape of the booms. Normally, two symmetric boom parts are manufactured and, then, these parts are welded by two welding processes. In the proposed design, only one part is manufactured and bended at rst. Therefore, one welding will be su cient and a more energy-friendly process is achieved. With the proposed shape, the corner joints are eliminated when forming the boom shape, without any need to produce them beforehand. Single welding process is applied to minimize energy consumption during the manufacturing of the boom; thus, the welding quality becomes more important. In order to satisfy the welding quality, a welding manipulator is designed and manufactured. By using this welding manipulator, used in a closed area, and the applied lter devices, the harmful gases are not released to the operator and the environment. Finally, the energy and time required during the plasmacutting process of boom parts are decreased by about 41% and the energy consumption during the welding process is decreased by about 53% compared to the traditional methods.

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Friction stir welding of Al–Mg–Li 1424 alloy

Cited by 80 publications

References 25 publications

Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Experimental investigation to limit the effecting of friction stir welding factors on the strength of AA6061-T651

An alternative boom design and welding technique to minimize energy consumption during boom production

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