“…hydrolysis and condensation in sol-gel processes) have long been a focus in this context. Control of reaction rates, and associated structural evolution, in these complex reaction mixtures has been typically achieved via molecular (ligand) design and the management of chemical, thermal, or optical environmental conditions [1][2][3][4][5]. In general, these strategies have relied on chemical catalysis of these reaction processes to establish the primary intermolecular bond topology early in nanostructure formation.…”