From coarse to fine: an augmented reality-based dynamic inspection method for visualized railway routing of freight cars

Abstract

It is a challenge for the dynamic inspection of railway route for freight car transporting cargo that out-of-gauge. One possible way is using the inspection frame installed in the inspection train to simulate the whole procedure for cargo transportation, which costs a lot of manpower and material resources as well as time. To overcome the above problem, this paper proposes an augmented reality (AR) based dynamic inspection method for visualized railway routing of freight car with out-of-gauge. First, the envelope model of the dynamic moving train with out-of-gauge cargo is generated by using the orbital spectrum of the railway, and the envelope model is matched with a piece of homemade calibration equipment located on the position of the railway that needs to be inspected. Then, the structure from motion (SFM) algorithm is used to reconstruct the environment where the virtual envelope model occludes the buildings or equipment along the railway. Finally, the distance function is adopted to calculate the distance between the obstacle and the envelope of the freight car with out-of-gauge, determining whether the freight car can pass a certain line. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs well for the route selection of out-of-gauge cargo transportation with low cost, high precision, and high efficiency. Moreover, the digital data of the environments along the railway and the envelope of the freight car can be reused, which will increase the digitalization and intelligence for route selection of out-of-gauge cargo transportation.

Blended English Teaching Model in Higher Education School Environment AR Constructive Technology

“…Therefore, in the design, both teacher and student roles need to be considered, and the corresponding functional modules need to be designed with the teacher side focusing on explaining and the student side on learning. For later iterative expansion of the design, a tiered design approach was adopted, using a cloud storage platform to store data and save space (Yi, et al, 2022). Layered design divides the software into several layers, each layer only solves a part of the problems and completes the overall goal through the cooperation of all layers.…”

A gauge modification-based railway out-of-gauge freight transportation route decision-making methodology

“…The hub-and-spoke technique [20] and the real-time scheduling and routing method in the railway network [21] also provide a basis for the solutions of ROF-TRD [22,23]. Most recently, some studies on out-of-gauge freight transportation route selection have been conducted by using different methods, for example, Yi et al [24] proposed an augmented reality-based dynamic inspection method for visualized railway route of ROF trains is proposed to help for the route selection of ROF transportation, Huang & Han [25] and Art uras et al [26] proposed methods for the assessment of heavyweight and oversize cargo transportation by using the combined optimization with weight-TOPSIS method. However, these studies only focus on safety assessment of ROF transportation routes by studying the dimensions of the railway gauges, but gauge modification, the railway capacity loss and the deviation of ROF trains are not taken into consideration, which have major impacts on the ROF route decision-making.…”

LiDAR-Assisted UAV Stereo Vision Detection in Railway Freight Transport Measurement

“…Similarly, Han et al [22] developed a Canny-based edgedetection algorithm to extract and measure the end contours of railway freight cars. Yi et al [23] proposed an augmented reality-based dynamic detection method to determine if a freight car can pass a particular route by constructing a freight car envelope model and calculating the distance between the freight car envelope and the obstacle. Current image-based research can be roughly divided into edge feature extraction for single images and 3D point cloud reconstruction from multiple image sequences.…”