In the context of the recent economic crisis, it became clear that social scientists did not pay sufficient attention to several very critical questions concerning modern market economies. These questions include the following: How do nations regulate their credit markets? Why did household indebtedness increase substantially, and why did it grow more in some nations than others? What are the implications of access to credit for lower-and middle-income households' lifestyles? How do different nations handle overindebtedness? And finally, how exactly are the macro-level processes that underlie global debt economies linked to the experiences of actual individuals?Recently, a vibrant field of research has begun to emerge around these questions. The findings are transforming our established understandings of the political economy of advanced societies and opening new outlets for comparative research. Some key questions and issues, briefly outlined below, were discussed extensively over 2 days at the Dublin Workshops 1 on Financialization, Consumption and Social Welfare Politics in the May of 2012. Subsequent to that conference, we attempted to develop a special issue of International Journal of Comparative Sociology (IJCS) from the articles presented there, with the participants invited to submit their articles for review to the journal. Two articles from this conference are included in the current issue of the IJCS as a special section (immediately following this introductory essay).This new field of scholarship on comparative credit, consumption, and debt is a variegated one, woven together by some common themes and animated by the big questions noted above. Several lines of inquiry need to be mentioned in this regard.First, there is the question of how credit markets operate. Nations maintain distinct approaches to regulating their credit markets. While some attempt to limit access to credit, others facilitate credit use. While some nations emphasize 'consumer choice' in credit market transactions, others emphasize 'consumer protection.' Some nations heavily rely on disclosure regulations, assuming that market actors will act rationally on the basis of the information they have. Other nations put restraints on the actual credit products that can be bought and sold on the market, not leaving it to market actors to determine the level of risk that can be assumed. Comparing the United Kingdom and France, Ramsay (2012) shows, for instance, that in the United Kingdom, maximizing access to 504280C OS54310.