From Fluorescence Nanoscopy to Nanoscopic Medicine

Peters, Reiner

doi:10.2217/17435889.3.1.1

Cited by 117 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Different types of nanocarriers such as liposomes, lipid or polymer-based micelles, dendrimers and polymeric NPs have been used for encapsulation and delivery of therapeutic agents to the lung [5]. Polymeric NPs are of growing interest, as the polymers can be co-polymerized, surface-modified or bioconjugated for better targeting capability and delivery of the encapsulated agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric nanoparticles for pulmonary protein and DNA delivery

et al. 2014

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Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are promising carriers of biological agents to lung due to advantages including biocompatibility, ease of surface modification, localized action and reduced systemic toxicity. However, there have been no studies extensively characterizing and comparing the behavior of polymeric NPs for pulmonary protein/DNA delivery both in vitro and in vivo. We screened six polymeric NPs: gelatin, chitosan, alginate, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), PLGA-chitosan, and PLGA-polyethylene glycol (PEG), for inhalational protein/ DNA delivery. All NPs except PLGA-PEG and alginate were <300 nm in size with bi-phasic core compound release profile. Gelatin, PLGA NPs and PLGA-PEG NPs remained stable in deionized water, serum, saline and simulated lung fluid (Gamble’s solution) over 5 days. PLGA-based NPs and natural polymer NPs exhibited highest cytocompatibility and dose-dependent in vitro uptake respectively by human alveolar type-1 epithelial cells. Based on these profiles, gelatin and PLGA NPs were used to encapsulate a) plasmid DNA encoding yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) or b) rhodamine-conjugated erythropoietin (EPO) for inhalational delivery to rats. Following a single inhalation, widespread pulmonary EPO distribution persisted for up to 10 days while increasing YFP expression was observed for at least 7 days for both NPs. The overall results support both PLGA and gelatin NPs as promising carriers for pulmonary protein/DNA delivery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric nanoparticles for pulmonary protein and DNA delivery

et al. 2014

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“…Polylactide (PLA) and its copolymers that contain glycolide (PLGA) have been approved by the US food and drug administration (FDA) for the purpose of drug delivery. PLGA is an ideal choice for drug delivery because of its unique properties including biocompatibility, bioavailability and variable degradation kinetics, high drug-loading capability, stability and extended drug release over other carriers such as liposomes [25-28]. PLGA protects the encapsulated drug from enzymatic degradation and changes the pharmacokinetics of the drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation of Alpha-1 antitrypsin in PLGA nanoparticles: In Vitro characterization as an effective aerosol formulation in pulmonary diseases

et al. 2012

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BackgroundAlpha 1- antitrypsin (α1AT) belongs to the superfamily of serpins and inhibits different proteases. α1AT protects the lung from cellular inflammatory enzymes. In the absence of α1AT, the degradation of lung tissue results to pulmonary complications. The pulmonary route is a potent noninvasive route for systemic and local delivery. The aerosolized α1AT not only affects locally its main site of action but also avoids remaining in circulation for a long period of time in peripheral blood. Poly (D, L lactide-co glycolide) (PLGA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer approved for sustained controlled release of peptides and proteins. The aim of this work was to prepare a wide range of particle size as a carrier of protein-loaded nanoparticles to deposit in different parts of the respiratory system especially in the deep lung. Various lactide to glycolide ratio of the copolymer was used to obtain different release profile of the drug which covers extended and rapid drug release in one formulation.ResultsNonaqueous and double emulsion techniques were applied for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of surface morphology, size distribution, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release, FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). To evaluate the nanoparticles cytotoxicity, cell cytotoxicity test was carried out on the Cor L105 human epithelial lung cancer cell line.Nanoparticles were spherical with an average size in the range of 100 nm to 1μ. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be higher when the double emulsion technique was applied. XRD and DSC results indicated that α1AT encapsulated in the nanoparticles existed in an amorphous or disordered-crystalline status in the polymer matrix. The lactic acid to glycolic acid ratio affects the release profile of α1AT. Hence, PLGA with a 50:50 ratios exhibited the ability to release %60 of the drug within 8, but the polymer with a ratio of 75:25 had a continuous and longer release profile. Cytotoxicity studies showed that nanoparticles do not affect cell growth and were not toxic to cells.ConclusionIn summary, α1AT-loaded nanoparticles may be considered as a novel formulation for efficient treatment of many pulmonary diseases.

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“…This has been encouraged by the huge potential of these nano-bioconjugates for a wide range of applications such as drug delivery, molecular biomarkers, ultrasensitive biochemical analysis, development of lab-on-a-chip devices, and construction of nano-scale electronics or nano-molecular motors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Tiopronin Monolayer-Protected Silver Nanoparticles Modulate IL-6 Secretion Mediated by Toll-Like Receptor Ligands

et al. 2008

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Aims: Capped silver nanoparticles that can be coupled to a variety of molecules and biomolecules are of great interest owing to their potential applications in biomedicine. However, there are no data about their toxicity or functional effects on a key innate immune response, such as IL-6 secretion, after the engagement of the main group of pathogen-associated molecular patterns receptors, that is, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Materials & methods: N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (tiopronin)-capped silver (Ag@tiopronin) nanoparticles of a narrow sized distribution (∼5 nm) were synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, 1H–NMR and total correlation spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined by lactate deshidrogenase and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium assays in Raw 264.7 macrophages. IL-6 was measured by ELISA. Results & discussion: Ag@tiopronin nanoparticles have a narrow size distribution (≈5 nm), high solubility and stability in aqueous environment with no cytotoxicity in terms of mitochondrial function or plasma-membrane integrity at concentrations as high as 200 µg/106 cells. Ag@tiopronin nanoparticles were not proinflammatory agents, but remarkably they specifically impaired the IL-6 secretion mediated by TLR2, TLR2/6, TLR3 or TLR9 stimulation in co-treatment experiments. However, in pretreatment experiments, nanoparticles enhanced the susceptibility of macrophages to inflammatory stimulation mediated by TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 specific ligands while severely impairing the IL-6 secretion activated by the TLR3 or TLR9 ligands. Conclusions: Contrary to what is found for bare silver nanoparticles, Ag@tiopronin nanoparticles are noncytotoxic to macrophages. Ag@tiopronin nanoparticles showed differential effects on TLR signaling of a high degree of specificity, without proinflammatory effects by themselves. These effects have to be borne in mind when using bioconjugates of Ag@tiopronin nanoparticles for future medical applications.

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From Fluorescence Nanoscopy to Nanoscopic Medicine

Cited by 117 publications

References 90 publications

Polymeric nanoparticles for pulmonary protein and DNA delivery

Polymeric nanoparticles for pulmonary protein and DNA delivery

Encapsulation of Alpha-1 antitrypsin in PLGA nanoparticles: In Vitro characterization as an effective aerosol formulation in pulmonary diseases

Tiopronin Monolayer-Protected Silver Nanoparticles Modulate IL-6 Secretion Mediated by Toll-Like Receptor Ligands

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