From ideal workers to ideal work for all: A 50-year review integrating careers and work-family research with a future research agenda

Kossek, Ellen Ernst; Perrigino, Matthew B.; Rock, Alyson Gounden

doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103504

Cited by 79 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…This would also be explained by the fact of a strong greater response from women, since the studies carried out not only at the national level, but also at the European level [ 49 ] and international [ 50 ] on gender and work at home, especially in the context of COVID-19, indicated the predisposition of women to stay at home and to care for dependents [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], to telework, or to reconcile both circumstances [ 54 , 55 ], which would have been aggravated by the public health measures related to home confinements [ 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Other majority characteristics of the study sample, such as the level of university studies, the average age (active), and the high rate of spaces suitable for teleworking, support the idea that teleworking is a work modality that can be mainly afforded privileged people [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working from Home: Is Our Housing Ready?

Cuerdo-Vilches

Martín

Oteiza

2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic and the precautionary measures applied globally (lockdowns and curfews) have impacted homes, including work. Working from home (WFH) has emerged as a growing trend in the post-pandemic era. The research question was: Are our homes ready for teleworking? To respond, a national prospective mixed approach was launched for Spanish households during the spring 2020 lockdown, using two online questionnaires, one quantitative and the other qualitative. Through a survey, photographs, and narratives, the study evaluates the perceived adequacy of telework spaces and their specific characteristics, the availability of digital resources and the internet. A total of 1800 surveys and over 200 images and texts related to telework environments were obtained. The results suggest that the adequacy of these spaces was insufficient for more than a quarter of the homes. Also, strong relations between the perceived workspace adequacy and a social status or stability of homes were shown and validated, despite other sociodemographic features, the home composition or habitat were not related. Some other variables statistically significant were occupation regime, type and surface of dwellings; their indoor environmental quality; the availability of exclusive spaces for teleworking; quality of digital resources; and the specific space features. The analysis was completed with qualitative insights through photos and texts. Telework, lived in this context as an experiment, needs this reflection from an environmental, resource-availability, and ergonomic point of view.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working from Home: Is Our Housing Ready?

Cuerdo-Vilches

Martín

Oteiza

2021

IJERPH

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“…Working conditions and the nature and extent of (ad hoc) demands and spillovers from the other sphere may be different for women and men ( Straub et al, 2019 ), leading to different (unconscious) routines in dealing with interruptions and different needs for managing boundaries. Existing work arrangements in the pandemic made evident that work and non-work spheres have indeed always impacted each other, yet that the demands from the spheres are still often incompatible for many workers ( Kossek et al, 2021 ). Employing the free verbal association technique ( Joffe and Elsey, 2014 ) enabled us to uncover positive as well as negative aspects of WFH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the masculine-biased image of the ideal worker represents workers who can fully focus on the work sphere and have no domestic or care obligations to worry about during and after work, i.e., resembling the male breadwinner model ( Acker, 1990 ; Rothbard and Ollier-Malaterre, 2016 ; Kossek et al, 2021 ). Social role theory ( Eagly and Wood, 2016 ) suggests that women (should) act as caregivers, engage in (family) relationships and answer to family demands ( Eagly and Wood, 2016 ; Nsair and Piszczek, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote workers’ free associations with working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria: The interaction between children and gender

2022

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Empirical evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic shows that women carried the major burden of additional housework in families. In a mixed-methods study, we investigate female and male remote workers’ experiences of working from home (WFH) during the pandemic. We used the free association technique to uncover remote workers’ representations about WFH (i.e., workers’ reflection of subjective experiences). Based on a sample of 283 Austrian remote workers cohabitating with their intimate partners our findings revealed that in line with traditional social roles, men and women in parent roles are likely to experience WFH differently: Mothers’ representations about WFH emphasize perceived incompatibility between the work and non-work sphere whereas fathers’ representations highlight work-family facilitation of WFH. However, gender differences were also prevalent for women and men without children: Women seem to particularly benefit from more concentration at home, whereas men consider WFH as more efficient, practical and leading to less work. Thus, our findings imply that gender affected perceptions of WFH during the pandemic independently from children, but children seemed to increase the existing burden, in particular for women. To conclude, WFH can generally be seen as an enabler to reduce work-life/family conflict for both women and men, but bears different challenges based on the contextual (family) situation.

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“…For instance, some of our returners reported considerable support from their partners who agreed to step back from their own careers temporarily to meet family childcare needs and facilitate the returner in re-establishing their careers following leave. Although this focus was beyond the scope of our paper, an increasing body of evidence demonstrates spillover between work and family or life domains (Kossek, Perrigino, and Rock 2020) and the influence of personal relationships is an important area for future study. The crossover of temporal focus from one partner's workplace to another may be a useful lens to adopt in research of dual career negotiation in the home domain.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

I Left Venus and Came Back to Mars: Temporal Focus Congruence in Dyadic Relationships Following Maternity Leave

Freeney

Werff

Collings

2022

Organization Science

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Temporal focus on past, present, and future of contributions to work is critical to understanding how employees and their line managers navigate career disruptions and minimize their potential for negative impact. This paper reframes temporal focus using a dyadic, relational perspective to explore how temporal focus (in)congruence shapes resocialization experiences for returners and their line managers following maternity leave disruption. Our qualitative study draws on 54 interviews across 27 organizations and demonstrates that a congruent, broader temporal focus—that embraces the past, present, and future—is associated with more positive relational and career outcomes than an incongruent focus, where one dyadic partner holds a narrow temporal focus. Our findings explicate how the adoption of a broad versus narrow temporal focus creates a perception of maternity leave as either a brief interlude or a major disruption. A congruent, broader temporal focus allows returners and their line managers to reduce their reliance on typical motherhood biases and instead, consider the woman’s past, present, and potential future contributions over the course of her career. We highlight the importance of temporal focus congruence at a dyadic level and the value of adopting a broader temporal focus on careers while offering new insights regarding the temporal dynamics inherent to maternity leave transitions for both returners and their managers.

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From ideal workers to ideal work for all: A 50-year review integrating careers and work-family research with a future research agenda

Cited by 79 publications

References 100 publications

Working from Home: Is Our Housing Ready?

Working from Home: Is Our Housing Ready?

Remote workers’ free associations with working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria: The interaction between children and gender

I Left Venus and Came Back to Mars: Temporal Focus Congruence in Dyadic Relationships Following Maternity Leave

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