From industrial black liquor to pure phenolic compounds: A combination of catalytic conversion with ionic liquids extraction

Garron, Anthony; Arquillière, Philippe; Maksoud, Walid Al; Larabi, Cherif; Walter, Jean-Jacques; Santini, Catherine C.

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2015.06.012

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, when n > 4, we found no commercial sources indexed within CHEMCATS. A preliminary scan of references that use symmetric [R 1 R 2 im][X] ILs reveal few studies where symmetric cations were selectively chosen, − but rather a majority of systematic analyses regarding the fundamental physical, thermodynamic, and structural properties of symmetric [R 1 R 2 im] + cations. − ,− Many of these fundamental studies have occurred just over the past five years, and as a result, it is reasonable that some time will need to pass before researchers can make judicious use of this knowledge for selection of ILs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Frequency and Diversity of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids Appearing in the Literature

Scalfani

Alshaikh

Bara

2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The hypothetical assertion that there are potentially millions of ionic liquids (ILs) can be validated using basic knowledge of IL precursors and simple calculations. While it is an interesting thought exercise to ponder the possibilities of ILs, it is important to investigate how many discrete ILs (i.e., unique cation and anion pairings) have actually been synthesized and reported in the literature. A complete analysis of all ILs is a daunting task, especially if the definition of what constitutes an IL is broad. Nonetheless, insight can be gained into the use of ILs over the past ∼20 years from a focused analysis of systematically varied 1,3dialkylimidazolium-based ILs (i.e., [R 1 R 2 im][X], where R 1 and R 2 are n-alkyl chains and X is either a halide or molecular anion). This family of ILs includes many of the most widely used and most thoroughly studied IL substances, including 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C 4 mim][PF 6 ]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide ([C 2 mim][Tf 2 N]). Using data retrieved from SciFinder searches, we analyzed the variety and frequency of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium-based ILs appearing in the literature. Our analysis reveals that there is a relatively large number of simple 1,3-dialkylimidazolium cations which have not yet been synthesized. Our findings indicate that despite the broad possibilities of IL structures available, there are but a handful of ILs that are commonly used and studied. Within the 1248 [R 1 R 2 im][X] ILs studied, there were only 12 cations extensively used, which included [R 1 R 2 im] + (R 1 = C 1 and R 2 = C 1 −C 12 ). Of the 16 anions studied, only 5, including [BF 4 ] − , [Cl] − , [PF 6 ] − , [Tf 2 N] − , and [Br] − , were used significantly. Thus, it appears that although ILs can be used as designer solvents with task-specific properties, there is a small default subset of ILs, which are "go-to" or "one-size-fits-all." We rationalize the current state of the IL landscape in terms of the historical perceptions (and misconceptions) around ILs, familiarity, availability and cost of starting materials, commercial availability of ILs, and the motivations from which researchers choose to synthesize and characterize new ILs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Frequency and Diversity of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids Appearing in the Literature

Scalfani

Alshaikh

Bara

2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…30 The chemical valorisation pathway, in which biosourced compounds, either polymers or monomers, are transformed under mild reaction conditions (temperature inferior to 300 °C, pressure inferior to 100 bar), has rarely been applied to crude black liquor. Few examples of catalytic reduction 31 or catalytic oxidation 32 have demonstrated the ( partial) depolymerisation of lignin and sometimes the formation of phenolic compounds from lignin in black liquor, in yields inferior to 10%. In a recent communication, our research teams demonstrated the feasibility of direct oxidation of black liquor to produce low yields of vanillin and phenolics; however with reasonable productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of catalytic oxidation of kraft black liquor for the production of biosourced compounds

Vilcocq,

Chaussard,

Hernández Mañas

et al. 2023

Green Chem.

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“…Black liquor is a by-product from the pulp and paper industry generated in large quantities in the Kraft pulping process 33,34 . This by-product is considered highly polluting due to its high pH (12.5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Microwave Absorption Performance with Sustainable Porous Carbon/Carbon Nanotube Composites

Medeiros

Silva

et al. 2022

Mat. Res.

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The great technological advancement in wireless communication systems and devices generated the problem of electromagnetic pollution. Developing lightweight, sustainable, and low-cost materials is necessary to minimize electromagnetic pollution. A sustainable porous carbon (PC) absorber material was obtained from the crude black liquor by a simple and low-cost synthesis, and combined with carbon nanotube (CNT), presenting excellent microwave attenuation results. The PC absorber at 20 wt.% filling ratio exhibited an intense reflection loss of -35.7 dB at 15.5 GHz, and bandwidth of 1.15 GHz for a thickness of 5.90 mm. By adding 0.2 wt.% of CNT, the reflection loss was -34.6 dB at 17.9 GHz, and a bandwidth of 1.54 GHz for 4.90 mm. The study reveals that the combination of PC and CNT improves the attenuation capacity, allows adjustment in the frequency range of the attenuation peak, and promotes thickness reduction. The results obtained allow us to advance studies in developing high-performance, sustainable, and low-cost microwave-absorbing materials.

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From industrial black liquor to pure phenolic compounds: A combination of catalytic conversion with ionic liquids extraction

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Analysis of the Frequency and Diversity of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids Appearing in the Literature

Analysis of the Frequency and Diversity of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids Appearing in the Literature

Potential of catalytic oxidation of kraft black liquor for the production of biosourced compounds

Improved Microwave Absorption Performance with Sustainable Porous Carbon/Carbon Nanotube Composites

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