From milliseconds to millions of years: guard cells and environmental responses

Assmann, Sarah M.; Wang, Xi-Qing

doi:10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00195-3

Cited by 154 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…To determine whether IP 3 is necessary for this physiological event, several investigators have decreased IP 3 production by inhibiting PLC activity (for review, see Assmann and Wang, 2001;Schroeder et al, 2001b). At5PTase1 transgenic plants offer a specific way to test the necessity of IP 3 for stomatal closure in that only inositol phosphate messengers are hydrolyzed by the product of the encoded transgene (Berdy et al, 2001).…”

Section: At5ptase1 Ectopic Expression Alters Stomatal Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis Inositol 5-Phosphatase Gain-of-Function Alters Abscisic Acid Signaling

2003

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Signals can be perceived and amplified at the cell membrane by receptors coupled to the production of a variety of second messengers, including inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ). We previously have identified 15 putative inositol 5-phosphatases (5PTases) from Arabidopsis and shown that At5PTase1 can hydrolyze IP 3 . To determine whether At5PTase1 can terminate IP 3 -mediated signaling, we analyzed transgenic plants ectopically expressing At5PTase1. Stomata from leaves of At5PTase1 transgenic plants were abscisic acid (ABA) and light insensitive, and ABA induction of genes was delayed. Quantification of IP 3 in plants exposed to ABA indicated that ABA induced two IP 3 increases in wild-type plants. Both of these IP 3 increases were reduced in At5PTase1 transgenic plants, indicating that IP 3 may be necessary for stomatal closure and temporal control of ABA-induced gene expression. To determine if ABA could induce expression of At5PTase1, we examined RNA and protein levels of At5PTase1 in wild-type plants exposed to ABA. Our results indicate that At5PTase1 is up-regulated in response to ABA. This is consistent with At5PTase1 acting as a signal terminator of ABA signaling.The ability to respond to a variety of biotic and abiotic signals is crucial to plants. Signals outside the cell can be perceived and amplified at the cell membrane by receptors linked to a variety of signaling pathways, including the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) pathway (Stevenson et al., 2000; Taylor and Thorn, 2001). In this pathway, signals activate phospholipase C (PLC), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate to form diacylglycerol and IP 3 . IP 3 then binds to intracellular receptors, triggering the release of Ca 2ϩ from intracellular stores into the cytosol (Berridge, 1993).In plants, there is evidence that signals such as light (Shacklock et al., 1992), gravity (Perera et al., 1999(Perera et al., , 2001, and abscisic acid (ABA; Wu et al., 1997; Sanchez and Chua, 2001) are relayed via IP 3 signaling. Most of the information on IP 3 signaling has arisen from studies utilizing ABA. The most notable affect of ABA on plants is its ability to induce stomatal closure (Allen et al., 2001). When open, stomatal pores allow the influx of CO 2 and water vapor to move outward, driving the transpirational process. ABA is thought to trigger stomatal closure by inducing cytosolic Ca 2ϩ increases, which, in turn inhibit plasma membrane H ϩ -ATPases and inwardrectifying K ϩ channels. Subsequent activation of outward-rectifying K ϩ channels allows for ion efflux from the guard cell and a decrease in guard cell turgor, resulting in stomatal closure (Blatt et al., 1990;Lemtiri-Chlieh and MacRobbie, 1994; Schroeder et al., 2001a).One key component in the mechanism of stomatal closure is an initial increase in cytosolic Ca 2ϩ concentration that occurs within minutes of ABA exposure (McAinsh et al., 2000;Allen et al., 2001; Webb et al., 2001). This rapid increase in Ca 2ϩ is preceded by an increase in IP 3 (Lee et a...

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Section: At5ptase1 Ectopic Expression Alters Stomatal Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis Inositol 5-Phosphatase Gain-of-Function Alters Abscisic Acid Signaling

2003

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“…An increase or decrease in turgor of the guard cells lining the pore opens or closes the stoma, respectively. K ϩ and accompanying anions (malate and chloride) are among the major solutes involved in this osmotically driven process (2)(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant adaptation to fluctuating environment and biomass production are strongly dependent on guard cell potassium channels

Lebaudy

Vavasseur

Hosy

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

147

136

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At least four genes encoding plasma membrane inward K ؉ channels (Kin channels) are expressed in Arabidopsis guard cells. A double mutant plant was engineered by disruption of a major K in channel gene and expression of a dominant negative channel construct. Using the patch-clamp technique revealed that this mutant was totally deprived of guard cell Kin channel (GCKin) activity, providing a model to investigate the roles of this activity in the plant. GCKin activity was found to be an essential effector of stomatal opening triggered by membrane hyperpolarization and thereby of blue light-induced stomatal opening at dawn. It improved stomatal reactivity to external or internal signals (light, CO2 availability, and evaporative demand). It protected stomatal function against detrimental effects of Na ؉ when plants were grown in the presence of physiological concentrations of this cation, probably by enabling guard cells to selectively and rapidly take up K ؉ instead of Na ؉ during stomatal opening, thereby preventing deleterious effects of Na ؉ on stomatal closure. It was also shown to be a key component of the mechanisms that underlie the circadian rhythm of stomatal opening, which is known to gate stomatal responses to extracellular and intracellular signals. Finally, in a meteorological scenario with higher light intensity during the first hours of the photophase, GCKin activity was found to allow a strong increase (35%) in plant biomass production. Thus, a large diversity of approaches indicates that GCKin activity plays pleiotropic roles that crucially contribute to plant adaptation to fluctuating and stressing natural environments.Arabidopsis ͉ circadian rhythm ͉ inward Shaker ͉ stomata ͉ transpirational water loss

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“…Table 2 presents the correlation coefficients (r) between increasing DC rates and Fig. 2 a, (Assmann and Wang, 2001). Therefore, scanning electron microscopic studies (SEM) have become a popular model for exploring plant response to changing environmental conditions (Assmann and Wang, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 a, (Assmann and Wang, 2001). Therefore, scanning electron microscopic studies (SEM) have become a popular model for exploring plant response to changing environmental conditions (Assmann and Wang, 2001). Closure of the stomata is regarded an ecological adaptation to protect plants against pollution damage (Ciamporova and Mistrik 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of oil palm decanter cake on the accumulation of nutrients and the stomatal opening of Solanum melongena (brinjal) plants

Embrandiri

Rupani

Ismail

et al. 2016

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Research has shown that oil palm decanter cake (DC) serves as a potential source of nutrients for plant growth. This study therefore investigated the applicability of decanter cake (DC) as an amendment to soil for the growth of Solanum melongena (brinjal) at three ratios 10, 20, 30 % DC and suitable controls (0 %). Methods Seeds of brinjal were sown in soils amended with decanter cake at 10, 20, 30 % w/w and 0 % as control. Nutrient enrichment factors were calculated from the concentration of selected metals (Cu, Ca, Fe, Zn and Mg) in plant parts. The scanning electron micrographs were also taken to measure the stomatal opening/closing due to the effect of excess nutrients on the leaf structure. Results Enrichment factor (EF) values in this study were all below 3 indicating low enrichment of metal ions from soil to plants. SEM studies of the leaf epidermis of the test plants revealed the closure of guard cells with increasing decanter cake treatments. Conclusions Decanter cake at 20 % amendments with soil could serve as a source of soil amendment for cultivation of S. melongena plants.

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From milliseconds to millions of years: guard cells and environmental responses

Cited by 154 publications

References 77 publications

An Arabidopsis Inositol 5-Phosphatase Gain-of-Function Alters Abscisic Acid Signaling

An Arabidopsis Inositol 5-Phosphatase Gain-of-Function Alters Abscisic Acid Signaling

Plant adaptation to fluctuating environment and biomass production are strongly dependent on guard cell potassium channels

The effect of oil palm decanter cake on the accumulation of nutrients and the stomatal opening of Solanum melongena (brinjal) plants

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