From the ancient Silk Road to the belt and road initiative: Narratives, signalling and trust-building

Zhao, Yujia; Tan‐Mullins, May

doi:10.1177/1369148120987464

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Empirically, several studies have emerged, but they take the borderline with hedging through contingencies. One study suggests that the BRI project will reveal its potential in the long run because the development rests on trust and effective communication (Zhao & Tan-Mullins, 2021). Trust comes from stability, and stabling emerges from a long-term perspective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The belt and road initiative, joint intellectual capital development towards industry value added of a partner economy

Malik

2022

International Journal of Chinese Education

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The BRI (Belt and Road Initiative) project is about to complete its 10 years, and its growth and legitimacy have invoked a wider interest leading to competing arguments about whether it serves any benefits to any BRI partner countries. Opponents contend that BRI serves China’s economic and political purpose without contributing to the partner economy. We attempt to settle this contention by exploring the empirical evidence on CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor), a pilot project of the BRI project that highlights the intellectual development of nations, science and technology progress and socioeconomic development. Socioeconomic theories explain that interactive structures contribute to the partner’s science, technology, and industrial development. Following these assumptions, we raised the empirical question: does the joint Sino-Pak publication predict an increase in Pakistan’s IVA (industry value added) in the post-BRI versus the pre-BRI period? We integrated publications from 27 disciplines from 2012 to 2020 ( N = 243) and linked them to the IVA of Pakistan (estimated by the World Bank). Our robust analysis reveals strong support for the main hypothesis. First, Chinese science positively predicts Pakistan’s IVA, and it negatively predicts the IVA of a non-BRI partner. Second, joint science productivity positively predicts Pakistan’s IVA but not of the non-BRI partner. Third, science productivity predicts Pakistan’s IVA more in the post-BRI period than in the pre-BRI period. In short, Pakistan’s industrial added value through the development of the Chinese contribution to the intellectual development of Pakistan supports this argument, settling the outstanding issue of socioeconomic development of the BRI system. It reduces uncertainty and confusion created by narratives in popular literature of a rhetorical nature. Overall, the study provides a basis for future research and policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The belt and road initiative, joint intellectual capital development towards industry value added of a partner economy

Malik

2022

International Journal of Chinese Education

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“…Here, the causal logic is that if a player bears some non-trivial costs from the signal she sends in a reassurance game, she may be able to separate herself from insincere players who are unlikely (or at least more hesitant) to send such high-cost signals (Y. Zhao & Tan-Mullins, 2021). In other words, actors who feign sincerity should have incentives to continue feigning so long as the cost is low, but players who are willing to put tremendous money, reputation, and future at stake are likely to be truly trustworthy (Hall & Yarhi-Milo, 2012).…”

Section: The Signaling With Sunk Cost Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costly Signaling and China's Strategic Engagement in Arctic Regional Governance

Wang,

2024

PaG

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In recent years, China has become an increasingly important actor in Arctic regional governance. While Beijing consistently frames its engagement in the region as a strategy of mutually-beneficial cooperation, some Arctic countries have raised significant concerns about its growing economic presence, warning that China may leverage its geopolitical influence to change the existing norms and rules in the polar region. Facing the mounting “China threat” skepticism, what are Beijing’s coping strategies to belie concerns? Based on a review of the existing research and government documents, particularly Chinese-language scholarly works and official reports, this article specifically identifies two types of costly signaling approaches employed by China to reduce Arctic countries’ distrust. First, China has started to curtail its Arctic investment in oil, gas, and mining while engaging more in sectors that chime well with Western societies’ global environmental values, including clean and renewable energy, ecological research that addresses further climatic change associated with global warming, and other environmentally sustainable industries. Second, Beijing has increasingly involved in regional international organizations, such as the Arctic Council, to signal its willingness to exercise state power under institutional constraints. These approaches aim to send a series of costly signals to conventional Arctic states, reassuring them that China is not a revisionist power that pursues hegemony in the region. Taken together, our findings have both scholarly and policymaking implications to understand China’s participation in Arctic regional governance.

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Easy care of silk fabrics realized by crosslinking thermo‐responsive copolymer film on its surface

Zhu

et al. 2022

Journal of Polymer Science

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An easy care of silk fabrics is realized by crosslinking a thermo‐responsive copolymer film onto its surface. The thermo‐responsive copolymer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐oligo[ethylene glycol] methyl ether methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol methacrylate), abbreviated as P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360), is synthesized by sequential atom transfer radical polymerization. By applying 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid as crosslinker, the thermo‐responsive P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360) film can be immobilized onto the silk fabrics. The transition temperature (TT) of the P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360) film crosslinked on silk fabrics is around 46 °C. The reversible transition behavior can effectively reduce the attachment between lipophilic stains and P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360) film, inducing a high efficiency of stain removal. Simply rinsing with deionized water at 25 °C (below its TT) for 30 s, 60% of stains can be removed. Moreover, the crosslinked P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360) film turns hydrophobic during outdoor activities or drying. Thus, the repelled water molecules can be easily evaporated from the silk fabrics and the drying process is 25% faster than that without crosslinked P(NM‐co‐OA300‐co‐EA360) film. Based on the excellent performance of stain removal and quick drying, the silk fabrics crosslinked with thermo‐responsive copolymer film can be broadly used to design silk‐based costumes for daily use.

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From the ancient Silk Road to the belt and road initiative: Narratives, signalling and trust-building

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

The belt and road initiative, joint intellectual capital development towards industry value added of a partner economy

The belt and road initiative, joint intellectual capital development towards industry value added of a partner economy

Costly Signaling and China's Strategic Engagement in Arctic Regional Governance

Easy care of silk fabrics realized by crosslinking thermo‐responsive copolymer film on its surface

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