From the Bottom Up – Flexible Solid State Electrochromic Devices

Jensen, Jacob Hjelmager; Krebs, Frederik C.

doi:10.1002/adma.201402771

Cited by 128 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, effective and superior lamination of semisolid electrolytes may also prove challenging, and crosslinking or insolubilization of the previous layers will be needed during the process. Although many technical challenges for the multi-layered device need to be resolved, we remain optimistic regarding its application potential because several excellent technologies have been developed to overcome these challenges, such as in situ photo-crosslinking 40,41 and patterned Ag electrodes 37,38 combined with slot die coating. We will take advantage of all existing technologies and explore how to make the process feasible for highresolution multi-layered devices.…”

Section: Design and Synthesis Of The Switchable Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

A single-molecule multicolor electrochromic device generated through medium engineering

et al. 2015

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Multicolor organic electrochromic materials are important for the generation of full-color devices. However, achieving multiple colors using a single-molecule material has proved challenging. In this study, a multicolor electrochromic prototype device is generated by integrating medium engineering/in situ 'electro base'/laminated electrode technologies with the simple flying fish-shaped methyl ketone TM1. This multicolor electrochromic (green, blue and magenta) device is durable and has a high coloration efficiency (350 cm 2 C 21 ), a fast switching time (50 ms) and superior reversibility. This study is a successful attempt to integrate solvatochromism and basochromism in an electronic display. This integration not only introduces a new avenue for color tuning, in addition to the structural design of the colorant, but will also inspire further developments in the tuning of many other properties by this medium engineering approach, such as conductance and the redox property, and thereby accelerate versatile applications in data recording, ultrathin flexible displays, and optical communication and sensing. Keywords: electrochromic materials; laminated electrodes; microenvironment; multicolor devices; solvatochromic materials INTRODUCTION Owing to the increasing demand for low-power, ultrathin, flexible electronic displays, organic electrochromic materials 1-3 have become a research focus because of their distinct merits: low weight, high contrast, wide viewing angle, flexibility and the potential for low power consumption. Because the realization of a multicolor switch is preferred in the majority of their applications in displays, 4-10 various electrochromic materials including polymers, 11,12 small organic molecules 13,14 and metal-organic complexes, 15 and technologies aimed at multicolor switches have been intensively explored. Transition metals based on metal-organic complex multicolor electrochromic materials exhibit attractive properties, such as high stability and chemiluminescence. 16 However, the expense and scarcity of the precious metals, such as ruthenium, 15,16 osmium 17 and iridium, 18 limit their practical applications. Polymeric multicolor electrochromic materials with different electrochromic activation units [19][20][21] possess the advantages of easy processing, diverse resources and facile color tunability. However, some intrinsic problems, such as the lack of colorless states, poor transparency, poor color purity and complicated synthesis procedures, hinder their applications. Compared with electrochromic polymers, small organic color switches possess the advantages of low cost, good color purity, distinct transition from colorless to colored states and fine tunability of their photoelectronic properties via easy structure modifications. The lack of multicolor abilities is their intrinsic

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Section: Design and Synthesis Of The Switchable Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

A single-molecule multicolor electrochromic device generated through medium engineering

et al. 2015

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“…To solve this issue, scientists have aimed at developing low-temperature chemical methods to deposit metals on two-dimensional transparent templates. [25][26][27][28][29][30] Although those attempts have shown promising results in making highperformance fl exible transparent electrodes, their applicability to STEs are yet to demonstrate.In nature, plant leaves possess two-dimensionally ramifi ed and stretchable veins. In photosynthesis, light passes through the vein-free areas and is absorbed by the mesophyll cells of the leaves, while the required substances and produced nutrition are effi ciently transported by the veins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bio‐Inspired Chemical Fabrication of Stretchable Transparent Electrodes

Zhang

et al. 2015

Small

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“…[16][17][18][19] Using polymer-based substrates such as plastic thin fi lms, fl exible electronic devices are highly desirable to be made by continuous roll-to-roll (R2R) printing. [20][21][22][23][24] This is particularly appealing because of the low cost and remarkable throughput of modern R2R printing technology. It is also because plastic substrates are intrinsically less compatible with conventional microfabrication, which often requires high vacuum and high processing temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoreactive and Metal‐Platable Copolymer Inks for High‐Throughput, Room‐Temperature Printing of Flexible Metal Electrodes for Thin‐Film Electronics

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2016

Advanced Materials

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Photoreactive and metal-platable copolymer inks are reported for the first time to allow high-throughput printing of high-performance flexible electrodes at room temperature. This new copolymer ink accommodates various types of printing technologies, such as soft lithography molding, screen printing, and inkjet printing. Electronic devices including resistors, sensors, solar cells, and thin-film transistors fabricated with these printed electrodes show excellent electrical performance and mechanical flexibility.

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From the Bottom Up – Flexible Solid State Electrochromic Devices

Cited by 128 publications

References 34 publications

A single-molecule multicolor electrochromic device generated through medium engineering

A single-molecule multicolor electrochromic device generated through medium engineering

Bio‐Inspired Chemical Fabrication of Stretchable Transparent Electrodes

Photoreactive and Metal‐Platable Copolymer Inks for High‐Throughput, Room‐Temperature Printing of Flexible Metal Electrodes for Thin‐Film Electronics

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