From trivalent to quadrivalent influenza vaccines: Public health and economic burden for different immunization strategies in Spain

Crépey, Pascal; Redondo, Esther; Díez‐Domingo, Javier; Lejarazu, Raúl Ortíz de; Martinón-Torres, Federico; Miguel, Ángel Gil de; López-Belmonte, Juan Luis; Álvarez, Francisco Blanco; Bricout, Hélène; Solozabal, Míriam

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233526

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Cost-effectiveness analysis is frequently used to assess the value of new vaccines, with a number of influenza models being published recently for Spain [10,23,24,57]. They enable healthcare providers to make informed decision around optimum vaccination strategies based on best available evidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost-Effectiveness and Burden of Disease for Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines Compared to High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Elderly Patients in Spain

Ruiz-Aragón¹,

Márquez-Peláez

Gani³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease that causes severe illness and death, particularly in elderly populations. Two enhanced formulations of quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) are available in Spain. Adjuvanted QIV (aQIV) is available for those aged 65+ and high-dose QIV (HD-QIV) for those aged 60+. In this study, we used a health economic model to assess the costs and outcomes associated with using aQIV or HD-QIV in subjects aged 65+. Using aQIV instead of HD-QIV to vaccinate an estimated 5,126,343 elderly people results in reductions of 5405 symptomatic cases, 760 primary care visits, 171 emergency room visits, 442 hospitalizations, and 26 deaths in Spain each year. Life-years (LYs) and quality-adjusted LYs (QALYs) increases by 260 and 206, respectively, each year. Savings from a direct medical payer perspective are EUR 63.6 million, driven by the lower aQIV vaccine price and a minor advantage in effectiveness. From a societal perspective, savings increase to EUR 64.2 million. Results are supported by scenario and sensitivity analyses. When vaccine prices are assumed equal, aQIV remains dominant compared to HD-QIV. Potential savings are estimated at over EUR 61 million in vaccine costs alone. Therefore, aQIV provides a highly cost-effective alternative to HD-QIV for people aged 65+ in Spain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of hospitalizations were also taken from Spanish public reports [20][21][22]. The death rate was based on the calculated mortality rates of 6% per hospitalization from Crepey et al [24]. The average across these three influenza seasons were used to estimate baseline incidence rates in the model base case.…”

Section: Rates Of Clinical Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness and Burden of Disease for Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines Compared to High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Elderly Patients in Spain

Ruiz-Aragón¹,

Márquez-Peláez

Gani³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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“…Our results support the use of QIV due to a larger coverage against both lineages, despite the heterotypic humoral responses found in our experiments. This is also supported by studies regarding the effect it would have in reducing the health and economic burden that actually supposes (Cré pey et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses

et al. 2021

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Influenza B is accountable for an important burden during flu epidemics, causing special impact in children and the elderly. Vaccination is the best approach to address influenza infections. However, one of the main problems of this virus is that two different lineages circulate together, Victoria and Yamagata; and trivalent vaccines, that only contain one of these lineages, are still in use. For that reason, if during an epidemic, the lineage not included in the vaccine predominates, a mismatch would occur, and the vaccine effectiveness will be very poor. In this work, we evaluated the cross-protection given by the trivalent Influenza vaccine and compared serological profiles based on age, sex, and the type of vaccine used. We performed a retrospective analysis of serum samples obtained before and after seasonal influenza vaccination during 20 seasons (1998–2018). The results showed that heterotypic reactivity between both influenza B lineages is common, but always lower than the homologous response. Age is a relevant factor for this cross-reactivity between both lineages, while the sex and the type of vaccine not. Vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccines elicits cross-reactive antibodies against both lineages, however, this response might not be enough to provide an appropriate serological protection in case of mismatch.

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“…Numerous factors influence the transmission of influenza including vaccination rate [ 29 ], age [ 30 ], and temperature [ 1 ]. Also, ascertainability might change with different age groups [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-agent system collision model to predict the transmission of seasonal influenza in Tokyo from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 seasons

Tomizawa

Kumamaru

Okamoto

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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The objective of this study was to apply the multi-agent system (MAS) collision model to predict seasonal influenza epidemic in Tokyo for 5 seasons (2014–2015 to 2018–2019 seasons). The MAS collision model assumes each individual as a particle inside a square domain. The particles move within the domain and disease transmission occurs in a certain probability when an infected particle collides a susceptible particle. The probability was determined based on the basic reproduction number calculated using the actual data. The simulation started with 1 infected particle and 999 susceptible particles to correspond to the onset of an influenza epidemic. We performed the simulation for 150 days and the calculation was repeated 500 times for each season. To improve the accuracy of the prediction, we selected simulations which have similar incidence number to the actual data in specific weeks. Analysis including all simulations corresponded good to the actual data in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 seasons. However, the model failed to predict the sharp peak incidence after the New Year Holidays in 2016–2017, 2017–2018, and 2018–2019 seasons. A model which included simulations selected by the week of peak incidence predicted the week and number of peak incidence better than a model including all simulations in all seasons. The reproduction number was also similar to the actual data in this model. In conclusion, the MAS collision model predicted the epidemic curve with good accuracy by selecting the simulations using the actual data without changing the initial parameters such as the basic reproduction number and infection time.

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From trivalent to quadrivalent influenza vaccines: Public health and economic burden for different immunization strategies in Spain

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Cost-Effectiveness and Burden of Disease for Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines Compared to High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Elderly Patients in Spain

Cost-Effectiveness and Burden of Disease for Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines Compared to High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Elderly Patients in Spain

Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses

Multi-agent system collision model to predict the transmission of seasonal influenza in Tokyo from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 seasons

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