From zero to hero: An exploratory study examining sudden hero status among nonphysician health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hennekam, Sophie; Ladge, Jamie; Shymko, Yuliya

doi:10.1037/apl0000832

Cited by 87 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…Many governments stressed we are all in this together and that we could only get out of the pandemic by staying together and being solidaristic (e.g., the Dutch government began a national campaign entitled “Only together will we get the coronavirus under control” (“Alleen samen krijgen we corona onder controle”), and the USA had the #AloneTogether campaign). This call for solidarity resonated with the public, and initiatives were developed to support vulnerable population groups, such as the elderly (including those highlighted by the municipality of Amsterdam [ 73 ]; see also [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]), and express appreciation of the critical contributions of essential workers [ 77 , 78 ]. However, as the pandemic continues, solidarity and social justice could be increasingly under pressure [ 77 , 79 ].…”

Section: Challenges To Solidarity and Social Justice In The Ongoing Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This call for solidarity resonated with the public, and initiatives were developed to support vulnerable population groups, such as the elderly (including those highlighted by the municipality of Amsterdam [ 73 ]; see also [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]), and express appreciation of the critical contributions of essential workers [ 77 , 78 ]. However, as the pandemic continues, solidarity and social justice could be increasingly under pressure [ 77 , 79 ].…”

Section: Challenges To Solidarity and Social Justice In The Ongoing Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Inequality and Solidarity in Times of COVID-19

Stok

Bal

Yerkes

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The enormous public health burdens of the COVID-19 pandemic are not distributed equally. Inequalities are noticeable along socio-economic and socio-cultural fault lines. These social determinants of health affect both the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 infections as well as the magnitude of negative impacts of the measures taken to slow the spread of the virus. This perspective paper summarizes key inequalities in who is affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and in who is affected by COVID-19 prevention measures, based on evidence presented in state-of-the-art literature, and discusses the scope of challenges that these inequalities pose to solidarity and social justice. Key challenges for solidarity are highlighted across three areas: challenges to intergenerational solidarity, to global solidarity, and to intergroup solidarity.

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Section: Challenges To Solidarity and Social Justice In The Ongoing Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges To Solidarity and Social Justice In The Ongoing Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Inequality and Solidarity in Times of COVID-19

Stok

Bal

Yerkes

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These results may be due to the different organization of the non-COVID-19 ward where the individual protection devices (IPDs) were simpler and where people could not constitute a new group of work, regularly sharing decisions about practices and feelings. Moreover, they were not part of a highly socially celebrated work context, despite being recognized as heroes triggered both positive and ambivalent reactions (Hennekam et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the COVID-19 pandemic, health operators felt they had a crucial role in the emergency. By doing a meaningful and important job at a societal level, they felt more valuable and important, and their esteem was strengthened by the support and recognition provided by family, colleagues, and society (Greenberg et al, 1986;Hennekam et al, 2020). Moreover, according to the social identity theory (SIT; Tajfel and Turner, 1986), people can derive a sense of self-worth and social belongingness from their memberships in groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Differences Among Healthcare Workers of a Rehabilitation Institute During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Step Study

2021

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Introduction: Healthcare workers facing the threatening COVID-19 can experience severe difficulties. Despite the need to evaluate both the psychological distress and positive protective resources, brief and reliable assessment tools are lacking.Aim: Study 1 aimed at developing a new assessment tool to measure psychological distress and esteem in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study 2 aimed to explore and compare the psychological reactions of healthcare workers of the COVID-19 and the non-COVID-19 wards.Methods: In Study 1, psychologists created 25 items based on their clinical experience. A preliminary qualitative evaluation selected the best 15 items for the new tool (CPI-HP) assessing the COVID-19 psychological impact with 2 scales: psychological distress and esteem. The CPI-HP was administered to 110 healthcare professionals to study its psychometric properties and the internal structure with exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 compared two groups of healthcare professionals of the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 departments.Results: In Study 1, the CPI-HP showed satisfying psychometric properties, and the two-factor structure was confirmed with good fit indices. In Study 2, the two groups of healthcare workers showed comparable levels of psychological distress and resilient coping, but the COVID-19 group displayed significantly higher esteem and appreciation of the experience.Discussion: All operators showed high psychological distress during the emergency, but the COVID-19 group reported higher resources, probably due to stronger group cohesion and greater esteem, perceived meaning, and own work value.Conclusion: Assessing the psychological distress and resources of healthcare professionals with specific tools is important. Psychological interventions should promote their psychological health.

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“…Also, political leaders have expressed their gratitude: After being discharged from the hospital, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson thanked the health care team, including two nurses from overseas, for ensuring his survival of COVID-19 (Booth et al, 2020). Essential workers appear to have taken note: A recent poll (Ibbetson, 2020) shows that they perceive an increased appreciation of their work after the COVID-19 outbreak (but see Hennekam et al, 2020, for some remaining skepticism). This strengthened perceived occupational social worth (Grant, 2008) could be a protective factor for essential workers when dealing with the stressors encountered at work and at home during the pandemic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dirty work on the COVID-19 frontlines: Exacerbating the situation of marginalized groups in marginalized professions

Debus

Unger

Probst

2021

Ind. Organ. Psychol.

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As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, Rudolph et al. (2021) argue that frontline health care workers are facing very high levels of job stressors and strains, which may develop into detrimental long-term outcomes. In addition, they point to the heavy burden of jobs in "businesses that continue to provide service to the public" (p. X). Although we agree with these points, we believe that the full costs borne by those working on the COVID-19 frontlines have been understated, as well as the reasons why. In this commentary, we argue that the burden from the global pandemic falls heavily on often marginalized groups working in so-called "dirty jobs" (i.e., "occupations that are likely to be perceived as disgusting or degrading," Ashforth & Kreiner, 1999, p. 413) who already face serious preexisting health and socioeconomic disparities. The pandemic has merely exacerbated such preexisting workplace inequalities. To protect these vulnerable workers, we pose potential interventions at the national, community, and organizational levels. We conclude our commentary with thoughts on how we can find a silver lining in the COVID-19 pandemic. Dirty work during COVID-19: The double-whammy effectIn the current pandemic, the notion of essential work has received enormous attention. A job is defined as essential if it is vital for promoting a populations' health and welfare, and so it must be maintained, even in a disaster (e.g., Blau et al., 2020). Such occupations clearly include health care workers but also grocery store workers, janitors, farmworkers, warehouse workers, long-haul truckers, and bus drivers. What unites all of these jobs is their inability to operate remotely (a privilege of researchers and many other professions; Gamio, 2020). Instead, these employees work daily on potentially contaminated frontlines.At the same time, many of these jobs have been collectively referred to as dirty work. Before the pandemic, employees in these jobs already experienced several inequalities. First, dirty jobs are associated with precarity (e.g., Kalleberg, 2009): Workers in dirty jobs are often compensated with low wages and experience high job insecurity due to seasonal work and temporary contracts; as well, they have little or no access to basic benefits (e.g., Gamio, 2020). Second, dirty jobs are oftentimes risky, physically strenuous, and carried out in noisy and contaminated environments. Third, many dirty jobs are held by members of ethnic minority groups (e.g., Landsbergis et al., 2014) who already face preexisting health disparities due to "inequities in living, working, health, and social conditions that have persisted across generations" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020).These preexisting inequalities likely make essential workers in dirty jobs more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic and exacerbate their hardships, contributing to even greater inequalities in

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From zero to hero: An exploratory study examining sudden hero status among nonphysician health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cited by 87 publications

References 50 publications

Social Inequality and Solidarity in Times of COVID-19

Social Inequality and Solidarity in Times of COVID-19

Psychological Differences Among Healthcare Workers of a Rehabilitation Institute During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Step Study

Dirty work on the COVID-19 frontlines: Exacerbating the situation of marginalized groups in marginalized professions

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