Frontal behavioral syndromes in Prader–Willi syndrome

Ogura, Kyozo; Shinohara, Mayumi; Ohno, Kousaku; Mori, Etsuro

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2007.12.011

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The reported clinical difficulties in PWS are similar to those observed in the frontal syndrome and include eating disorders, distractibility, inflexibility of operation, digressions in speech, and executive function disorders (difficulties in planning or solving problems in complex situations) (Ogura et al, 2008). In fact, PWS is essentially a complex neurodevelopmental disease, with hypothalamic dysfunction, cognitive, and behavioral problems causing disturbed social relationships, and specific psychiatric phenotypes that may contribute to compulsive hyperphagia leading to early morbid obesity.…”

Section: Frontal Syndrome and Prader-willi Syndromementioning

confidence: 84%

PET Scan Perfusion Imaging in the Prader–Willi Syndrome: New Insights into the Psychiatric and Social Disturbances

Mantoulan

Payoux

Diene

et al. 2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), a rare multisystem genetic disease, leads to severe disabilities, such as morbid obesity, endocrine dysfunctions, psychiatric disorders, and social disturbances. We explored the whole brain of patients with PWS to detect abnormalities that might explain the behavioral and social disturbances, as well as the psychiatric disorders of these patients. Nine patients with PWS (six males, three females; mean age 16.4 years) underwent a positron emission tomography (PET) scan with H 2 15 O as a tracer to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The images were compared with those acquired from nine controls (six males, three females; mean age 21.2 years). A morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed in PWS patients, and their cognitive and behavioral skills were assessed with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III and the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). The MRI images showed no evident anatomic abnormalities, whereas PET scans revealed hypoperfused brain regions in PWS patients compared with controls, particularly in the anterior cingulum and superior temporal regions. We observed a significant relationship (P < 0.05) between rCBF in the hypoperfused regions and CBCL scores. The functional consequences of these perfusion abnormalities in specific brain regions might explain the behavioral and social problems observed in these individuals.

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Section: Frontal Syndrome and Prader-willi Syndromementioning

confidence: 84%

PET Scan Perfusion Imaging in the Prader–Willi Syndrome: New Insights into the Psychiatric and Social Disturbances

Mantoulan

Payoux

Diene

et al. 2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…PWS adults show preference for sweet or high carbohydrate foods over any other type of food. This is sometimes the case in normal obese individuals who might have developed food addiction (Ogura et al 2008;Singh et al 2008). PWS patients will often eat the most desirable foods first, such as sweet, high caloric foods, and the least preferred foods last.…”

Section: Food Cues: External Appetite Triggersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction and Obesity: Evidence from Bench to Bedside

Liu

Deneen

Kobeissy

et al. 2010

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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Obesity has become a major health problem and epidemic. However, much of the current debate has been fractious and etiologies of obesity have been attributed to eating behavior or fast food, personality issues, depression, addiction, or genetics. One of the interesting new hypotheses for epidemic obesity is food addiction, which is associated with both substance-related disorder and eating disorder. Accumulating evidences have shown that there are many shared neural and hormonal pathways as well as distinct differences that may help researchers find why certain individuals overeat and become obese. Functional neuroimaging studies have further revealed that good or great smelling, looking, tasting, and reinforcing food has characteristics similar to that of drugs of abuse. Many of the brain changes reported for hedonic eating and obesity are also seen in various forms of addictions. Most importantly, overeating and obesity may have an acquired drive like drug addiction with respect to motivation and incentive; craving, wanting, and liking occur after early and repeated exposures to stimuli. The acquired drive for great food and relative weakness of the satiety signal would cause an imbalance between the drive and hunger/reward centers in the brain and their regulation.

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“…PWS adults show preference for sweet or high carbohydrate foods over any other type of food. This is sometimes the case in normal obese individuals (Ogura et al, 2008). PWS patients will often eat the most desirable foods first, such as sweet, high caloric foods, and the least preferred foods last.…”

Section: Increased Drivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be a key point as to why food addicted obese individuals continue to overeat despite satiety. In PWS patients, obsession and preoccupation with food, lack of satiation, and incessant food seeking are typical behaviors as compared to normal obese humans (Ogura et al, 2008). PWS adults show preference for sweet or high carbohydrate foods over any other type of food.…”

Section: Increased Drivementioning

confidence: 99%