Frozen Storage Affects the Compressive Creep Behavior of the Porcine Intervertebral Disc

Bass, Elisa C.; Duncan, Neil A.; Hariharan, Jayaram S.; Dusick, J; Bueff, H. Ulrich; Lotz, Jeffrey C.

doi:10.1097/00007632-199712150-00009

Cited by 63 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In contrast, two recent reports showed that freezing at Ϫ20°C without DSMO decreased the compression stiffness of bovine humeral head cartilage and affected the compressive creep behavior of porcine intervertebral disc. 25,26 For the latter study, structural changes were indirectly demonstrated by measuring the swelling pressure and nuclear hydration (higher apparent permeability and lower swelling pressure for the frozen samples). 26 Logically, structural changes cause changes in tissue mechanical properties.…”

Section: Effect Of Cryopreservation On Mechanical Properties Of Cartimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26 For the latter study, structural changes were indirectly demonstrated by measuring the swelling pressure and nuclear hydration (higher apparent permeability and lower swelling pressure for the frozen samples). 26 Logically, structural changes cause changes in tissue mechanical properties. In searching for an explanation of the decreased mechanical properties of the cryopreserved cartilaginous tissues reported in this article, a cryosubstitution method was used during histological processing of the specimens.…”

Section: Effect Of Cryopreservation On Mechanical Properties Of Cartimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microindentation test for assessing the mechanical properties of cartilaginous tissues

et al. 2006

J Biomed Mater Res

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Mechanical properties of the fresh control, frozen, and vitrified cartilaginous (cartilage and meniscus) samples were measured by microindentation. Indentation depth, elastic modulus, and indentation yield strength were obtained from the microindentation loading curves. Indentation deformation behavior was studied using Hertz contact model. The stress distribution of cartilaginous tissues under indentation loading was analyzed by finite element technique. It was found that fresh tissue shows the lowest indentation depth and the highest elastic modulus and indentation yield strength, followed by vitrified and frozen tissues. The vitrified tissue shows slightly lower but comparable mechanical properties with control tissue. The vitrification technique used in this study can preserve live cells with superior mechanical properties that make it an ideal technique for use in orthopedic and other biomedical applications. The microindentation tests and corresponding analysis methods used in this study offer a simple way to evaluate the mechanical properties of cartilaginous tissues. It suits small sample sizes and it may be used for other biological tissues.

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Section: Effect Of Cryopreservation On Mechanical Properties Of Cartimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Cryopreservation On Mechanical Properties Of Cartimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microindentation test for assessing the mechanical properties of cartilaginous tissues

et al. 2006

J Biomed Mater Res

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“…[14][15][16][17][18] Compressive stress tests on knee cartilage showed comparable decreases in stiffness for both slow frozen ( −20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated freeze-thawing of bone tissue affects Raman bone quality measurements

2011

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Abstract. The ability to probe fresh tissue is a key feature to biomedical Raman spectroscopy. However, it is unclear how Raman spectra of calcified tissues are affected by freezing. In this study, six transverse sections of femoral cortical bone were subjected to multiple freeze/thaw cycles and probed using a custom Raman microscope. Significant decreases were observed in the amide I and amide III bands starting after two freeze thaw cycles. Raman band intensities arising from proline residues of frozen tissue appeared consistent with fresh tissue after four cycles. Crystallinity values of bone mineral diminished slightly with freezing and were noticeable after only one freezing. Mineral carbonate levels did not deviate significantly with freezing and thawing. The authors recommend freezing and thawing bone tissue only once to maintain accurate results. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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“…We chose to perform this experiment using bovine coccygeal motion segments for their easy availability and because this o ered the possibility to test the material without it having been frozen, since freezing has been shown to a ect creep properties of the intervertebral disc [19]. The main di erences with human lumbar segments are the lower cross-sectional area, higher apparent bone density, and the endplate convexity toward the disc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress distribution changes in bovine vertebrae just below the endplate after sustained loading

Dieën¹,

Kingma²,

Meijer³

et al. 2001

Clinical Biomechanics

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Objective. To describe the pattern of stress distribution in the vertebral body just behind the endplate, and to document its changes due to sustained loading.Methods. Twelve fresh bovine coccygeal motion segments were dissected and tested. Each specimen was axially loaded with a sustained compressive force of 50% of its estimated compressive strength. Before loading, after 1.5 h and after 3 h of loading, the distribution of the axial pressure under the bottom vertebra (i.e., just below its top endplate) was recorded at three force levels (25%, 37.5% and 50% of the estimated compressive strength), using pressure-sensitive ®lm.Results. Stress distribution over the endplate was found to be fairly uniform. At low compression forces, the stress was the highest centrally. With increased compression and after sustained compression the uniformity improved through a signi®cant redistribution of stress to the periphery. No stress peaks were found to occur after sustained loading.Conclusion. Stress peaks after sustained loading cannot explain the occurrence of endplate fractures in sustained cyclic compression in non-degenerated discs. Competing explanations, such as creep, and fatigue failure, would appear more likely candidates. RelevanceIt has been hypothesised that compression induced fractures of the lumbar vertebral endplate constitute an important etiological factor for low back pain. Competing theories exist on the fracture mechanism in sustained loading and these would have di erent implications with respect to prevention. The present study evaluated one of these theories. Ó

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Frozen Storage Affects the Compressive Creep Behavior of the Porcine Intervertebral Disc

Abstract: In vitro tests of frozen porcine intervertebral discs do not represent fresh behavior. Frozen storage appears to permanently alter disc behavior. The precise nature of any freezing-induced damage, and whether frozen storage similarly affects human discs, remains to be seen.

Cited by 63 publications

References 67 publications

Microindentation test for assessing the mechanical properties of cartilaginous tissues

Microindentation test for assessing the mechanical properties of cartilaginous tissues

Repeated freeze-thawing of bone tissue affects Raman bone quality measurements

Stress distribution changes in bovine vertebrae just below the endplate after sustained loading

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