Fructobacillus papyriferae sp. nov., Fructobacillus papyrifericola sp. nov., Fructobacillus broussonetiae sp. nov. and Fructobacillus parabroussonetiae sp. nov., isolated from paper mulberry in Taiwan

Abstract

Five Gram-stain-positive strains (M1-10T, M1-13, M1-21T, M2-14T and S1-1T) were isolated from paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) in Taiwan. Cells were rod-shaped, non-motile, non-haemolytic, asporogenous, facultatively anaerobic, heterofermentative, and did not exhibit catalase and oxidase activities. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these novel strains belonged to the genus Fructobacillus . On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the type strains of Fructobacillus fructosus and Fructobacillus durionis were the closest neighbours to strains M1-10T, M1-13, M1-21T, M2-14T and S1-1T. Sequence analyses of concatenated two partial housekeeping genes, the RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoC) and recombinase A (recA) also indicated that the novel strains belonged to the genus Fructobacillus . The 16S rRNA and concatenated rpoC and recA gene sequence similarities between strains M1-10T and M1-13 were 100 %, respectively. The average nucleotide identity values of M1-10T, M1-21T, M2-14T and S1-1T with F. fructosus and F. durionis were 75.1–78.9% and 76.5–77.5 %, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values were 19.7–21.5% and 19.6–20.4 %, respectively. Phenotypic and genotypic test results demonstrated that these strains represent four novel species of the genus Fructobacillus , for which the names Fructobacillus papyriferae sp. nov., Fructobacillus papyrifericola sp. nov., Fructobacillus broussonetiae sp. nov. and Fructobacillus parabroussonetiae sp. nov. are proposed with the type strains M1-10T (=BCRC 81237T=NBRC 114433T), M1-21T (=BCRC 81239T=NBRC 114435T), M2-14T (=BCRC 81240T=NBRC 114436T) and S1-1T (=BCRC 81241T=NBRC 114437T), respectively.

Fructobacillus cardui sp. nov., isolated from a thistle (Carduus nutans) flower

“…Their highly adapted lifestyle is also reflected in their limited carbohydrate spectrum. All species grow on glucose and fructose, some also grow on mannitol, sucrose and gluconate, and only a single species can produce acid from maltose, turanose, trehalose and ribose [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Fructobacillus apis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of honeybee (Apis mellifera)

“…The genus Fructobacillus was reclassified from genus Leuconostoc based on their phylogenetic positions and their morphological and biochemical characteristics [1]. The genus Fructobacillus currently comprises nine species: Fructobacillus broussonetiae , Fructobacillus durionis , Fructobacillus ficulneus , Fructobacillus fructosus , Fructobacillus papyriferae , Fructobacillus papyrifericola , Fructobacillus parabroussonetiae , Fructobacillus pseudoficulneus and Fructobacillus tropaeoli (https://lpsn.dsmz.de/) [1–5]. Species of the genus Fructobacillus typically utilize d -fructose better than d -glucose [1–5].…”

“…Following the methods described by Lin et al . [2], two conserved protein-encoding gene sequences, rpoC (RNA polymerase beta subunit) and recA (recombinase A), were selected for comparing the genetic differences. Sequence homologies of rpoC and recA genes were examined by using the Genetyx-Win program version 5.1 (Genetyx).…”

“…Species of the genus Fructobacillus typically utilize d -fructose better than d -glucose [1–5]. In addition, most species of the genus Fructobacillus are often seen in fruits, flowers, honeybees and their products [1–7].…”

“…The genus Fructobacillus currently comprises nine species: Fructobacillus broussonetiae , Fructobacillus durionis , Fructobacillus ficulneus , Fructobacillus fructosus , Fructobacillus papyriferae , Fructobacillus papyrifericola , Fructobacillus parabroussonetiae , Fructobacillus pseudoficulneus and Fructobacillus tropaeoli (https://lpsn.dsmz.de/) [1–5]. Species of the genus Fructobacillus typically utilize d -fructose better than d -glucose [1–5]. In addition, most species of the genus Fructobacillus are often seen in fruits, flowers, honeybees and their products [1–7].…”