Fruit intake and obesity Fruit and vegetables consumption and obesity in Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity affects more than half of the adult population and correlates with the development of chronic and psychosocial diseases. The consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) is a protective factor for obesity, but their consumption is often below the recommendations. Objective:To identify the level of fruit consumption in human development cycles, as well as the data on the association of fruit consumption with excess weight in Brazil. Methods:A non-systematic literature review on the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases for the period 2005 to 2015. A total of 23 studies were selected in the English and Portuguese languages, according to the study design and population group. Only cohorts and cross sections studies in Brazil were selected. Appropriate FV consumption was considered to be 400 g/day or a frequency of 5 servings/day (3 servings/day of fruits), and overweight was evaluated according to each age group and development cycle. Results:The average consumption for pregnant women was found to be 350 g/day; an inverse relationship was found between total fi bre consumption and gestational weight gain. The average consumption of FV for children and adolescents has remained between 30% and 40%, consumption falling with increasing age. Vigitel data between 2006 and 2014 shows an increase in the prevalence of adequate consumption of FV for adults and seniors according to gender, age and education. Appropriate consumption tripled during this period. There was an association between fruit consumption and weight loss, increased risk of obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and presence of metabolic syndrome (SM). Conclusions:The prevalence of adequate consumption of FV is low in all regions of Brazil and among all age groups, the highest prevalence is among women and increases with the advance of age, higher education level and higher socioeconomic status. Adequate fruit consumption correlates to weight loss and/or weight gain control of individuals. INTRODUCTIONObesity is characterized by the chronic accumulation of fat tissue, regionalized or widespread, a combination of genetic factors, environmental and behavioural factors 1 . The National Survey on Health (NSH/PNS), shows that 57% of the population over 18 years old in Brazil presents as overweight 2 . The Food and Nutrition Monitoring System (FNMS/SISVAN) describes the prevalence of overweight in 15% of the population under six years of age, and there is evidence that the evolution of the median weight exceeds WHO standards, tending to overweight in a comparison between the following surveys: Familial Income National Study (FINS/ENDEF), Health and Nutrition National Study (HNNS/PNSN) and Familial Incomes Research (FIR/POF). The same is observed in other national studies such as Nutri-Brazil Childhood 1 .Excess weight has a strong correlation with the development of metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases, increasing the risk of orthopaedic, pulmonary, Among the protective factors for overweight, the consumption of fr...

Food Insecurity during Pregnancy in a Maternal–Infant Cohort in Brazilian Western Amazon

“…The same survey indicates that the prevalence of overweight in adult women in Rio Branco is 55.8% (95% CI: 52.2-59.5%) and that of obese adult women is 22.8% (95% CI: 19.7-25.9%), classifying this city as the most obese capital in the country and suggesting an inverse association between obesity and regular consumption of fruits, vegetables and vegetables [34]. This association is consistent with the results of a review of 23 Brazilian studies on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and overweight in children, adolescents, and adults [35].…”

Food insecurity during pregnancy in a maternal-infant cohort in Brazilian Western Amazon

“…The same survey indicates that the prevalence of overweight in adult women in Rio Branco is of 55.8% (95% CI: 52.2% -59.5%) and obese adult women is of 22.8% (95% CI: 19, 7% -25.9%), classifying this city as the most obese capital in the country and suggesting an inverse association between obesity and regular consumption of fruits, vegetables and vegetables (33). This association is consistent with the results of a review of 23 Brazilian studies on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and overweight in children, adolescents and adults (34).…”

Socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of fruits and vegetables: Colombian National Nutrition Survey, 2010

“…At least 50% of the population consumes half or more of the recommended level of vegetables (200g/day). In Brazil, the prevalence of adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables is low in all regions and among all age groups; the highest prevalence is found among women and increases with age, higher education level and higher socioeconomic status 47 . Similar to the findings of this study, gender differences in fruits and vegetables consumption have been shown in several studies, with women at an advantage 20,46,48 .…”