Fruit of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. Induces Nonshivering Thermogenesis through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Activation by SIRT1 in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice and Primary Cultured Brown Adipocytes

Abstract

Brown adipocytes, which contain abundant mitochondria, use stored energy as fuel during a process named nonshivering thermogenesis. Thus, the pharmacological activation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) has become a promising target for treating obesity. We investigated the effect of fruit of Hovenial dulcis Thunb. (FHD), a frequently used herbal treatment for liver diseases, on thermogenesis and its mechanism using primary cultured brown adipocytes and BAT of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Thermogenesis-related factors including UCP1 and PGC1α increased with FHD treatment. FHD also increased mitochondrial biogenesis and activation factors such as nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)1 and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex. Furthermore, FHD increased the intercellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) level and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, which may be responsible for the activation of the thermogenic reaction. Overall, our results suggest that FHD can be a novel option for obesity treatment due to its thermogenic action through mitochondrial biogenesis and activation.

Potato protease inhibitor II prevents obesity by inducing browning of white adipose tissue in mice via β3 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

“…Beige adipocytes have ignited intense attention in the management of obesity because of their capacity to increase whole‐body energy expenditure (M. Lee & Lee, 2020; Pan, Zhu, Maretich, & Chen, 2020; Tung, Chou, Nagabhushanam, Ho, & Pan, 2020). In the same line, identifying natural products that modulate browning has gained high interest to counteract obesity (Song et al, 2020; J. Wang et al, 2019; Yao et al, 2020). To date, only a few studies have aimed to determine whether PPI II can induce WAT browning.…”

Fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Induces Mitochondrial Activation and Non-Shivering Thermogenesis through Regulation of PPARγ

“…The cytotoxicity was measured with a WST-1 reagent [ 19 ]. Briefly, cells were seeded at 3 × 10 4 cells per well in 96-well plates and maintained for 24 h then incubated with various concentrations of GJFE for 48 h. The absorbance was measured at 490 nm using a VERSAmax microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).…”

Anti-obesity effects of a standardized ethanol extract of Eisenia bicyclis by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells and HFD-induced mice

“…16 Sirtuin 1 (SirT1) is responsible for the activation of thermogenesis by regulating WAT browning. 17,18 Furthermore, SirT1 has been observed to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator (PGC-1α). 19 PGC-1α activates PPARα and triggers the upsurged expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX IV).…”