Fruits and Vegetables Consumption and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study

Hajizadeh, Bahareh; Jessri, Mahsa; Moasheri, Seyed Majid; Rad, A Houshiar; Rashidkhani, Bahram

doi:10.1080/01635581.2011.563028

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…According to these statistics, the gender ratio of esophageal cancer was different in various provinces but this rate was often higher among males than in females and this indicates that males are more susceptible to this cancer than females. This finding is consistent with the studies conducted by Esmailnasab and Sajadi in Iran and William J and Coleman MP in USA [9,11,20]. Examining the diagram of total ASR of cancers in this country indicates that as age increases, the rate of occurrence of this cancer rises and the maximum age standardized incidence rate of esophageal cancer occurs in women and men at the age of 80 and then it is reduced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The maximum reported rate of morbidity from esophageal cancer in the world belongs to a report from the Cancer Center in the Caspian Sea. In this report, the rate of the occurrence of esophageal cancer has been reported to be 165 in age group (35 years and older) for males and 195 for females as per 100'000 cases in Gonbad city, Iran [11]. Based on the report of Globocan 2008, the Age Standardized Incidence Rate (ASR) in developed countries has been reported to be 1.2 in females and 6.5 among males and this rate is 10.1 for males and 4.2 for females in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the report of Globocan 2008, the Age Standardized Incidence Rate (ASR) in developed countries has been reported to be 1.2 in females and 6.5 among males and this rate is 10.1 for males and 4.2 for females in the world. According to the latest statistics from the National Cancer Registration Center, with Age Standardized Rate (ASR) of 5.88 among females this rate is ranked in the fifth position while ASR of 6.15 among males is placed at the eighth position [5,11]. Esophageal cancer has remarkable discrepancies in Iran in such a way that after gastric and skin cancers in the Ardabil province, this cancer is ranked as the second most popular cancer after gastric cancer among females [12].Most northern and northwestern areas in Iran are at high risk of esophagus and gastric cancer, while the central and western provinces are at medium risk and the southern regions are at a low risk [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trend of the Esophageal Cancer Incidence in IRAN

Jafari

Moradi

Khodadost

et al. 2015

ijtmgh

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Introduction: Cancer is one of the main causes for mortality and morbidity in the world. Identifying epidemiology and the trend of esophageal cancer may be highly effective in related planning. The present study has been carried out with the aim of exploring the morbidity and trend of esophageal cancer in Iran. Methods:The present study is a type of repeated analysis of the existing data. The population of this study consisted of the cancer registry data during the years (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)) in Iran. The direct incidence rate was standard according to the World Health Organization (WHO) population. The incidence trend of this disease in this country was drawn by the means of the STATA software and the significance of the morbidity trend diagram was also derived via WINPEPI software. Results:The results indicated the increasing trend of esophageal cancer up to 2008 while this trend has been dropping during the years 2008-9. The 31914 cases of esophageal cancer which have been recorded throughout the country out of which this rate has been increased from 2759 cases in 2003 to 6210 cases in 2009 so this rate signifies 2 times in morbidity and the recording of cases. During this 7-year career, the maximum incidence rate was related to the Ardabil province with 19.03 per 100'000 cases in 2009 while the minimum incidence rate was related to Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari and also Booshehr provinces with 0.48 and 0.42% per 1000 cases in 2003, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence rate of esophageal cancer in Iran is increasing, particularly in the northern and northwestern regions of the country. It is recommended to employ screening programs and premature diagnosis in the regions and among high risk populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trend of the Esophageal Cancer Incidence in IRAN

Jafari

Moradi

Khodadost

et al. 2015

ijtmgh

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“…General characteristics of case-control and cohort studies are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Case-control studies were published between 1994 and 2014; three were conducted in Italy (13,19,22) , two each in Iran (10,15) , China (12,23) and Australia (14,29) , and one each in Poland (16) , Spain (11) , Czech Republic (17) , Brazil (18) , UK (20) , India (24) , Hawaii (25) , Mexico (26) , Sweden (27) and Uruguay (28) . One was a multinational study conducted in nine countries worldwide (Italy, Spain, Poland, Northern Ireland, India, Cuba, Canada, Australia and Sudan) (21) Cohort studies were published between 1998 and 2012; nine were conducted in the USA (30,31,(34)(35)(36)(37)39,40,45) and eight were conducted in Europe (32,33,38,(41)(42)(43)(44)46) .…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple intake and cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Fabiani

Minelli

Rosignoli

2016

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Conflicting results on the association between fruit consumption and cancer risk have been reported. Little is known about the cancer preventive effects of different fruit types. The present meta-analysis investigates whether an association exists between apple intake and cancer risk. Design: Relevant observational studies were identified by literature search (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase). A random-effect model was used to estimate the cancer risk in different anatomical sites. Between-study heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using adequate statistical tests. Results: Twenty case-control (three on lung, five on colorectal, five on breast, two on oesophageal, three on oral cavity, two on prostate and one each on pancreas, bladder, larynx, ovary, kidney and brain cancer) and twenty-one cohort (seven on lung, two on colorectal, three on breast and one each on oesophageal, pancreas, bladder, kidney, endometrial, head-neck, urothelial and stomach cancer) studies met the inclusion criteria. Comparing the highest v. lowest level of apple consumption, the reduction of lung cancer risk was statistically highly significant in both case-control (OR = 0·75; 95 % CI 0·63, 0·88; P = 0·001, I 2 = 0 %) and cohort studies (relative risk = 0·89; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·94; P < 0·001, I 2 = 53 %). Instead, in the case of colorectal (OR = 0·66; 95 % CI 0·54, 0·81; P < 0·001, I 2 = 55 %), breast (OR = 0·79; 95 % CI 0·73, 0·87; P < 0·001, I 2 = 1 %) and overall digestive tract (OR = 0·50; 95 % CI 0·36, 0·69; P < 0·001, I 2 = 90 %) cancers a significant preventive effect of apples was found only in case-control studies while prospective studies indicated no effect. No evidence of publication bias could be detected for colorectal, oral cavity, oesophageal and breast cancer. However, some confounding effects may be present and related to the consumption of other fruit which have not been considered as adjusting factors. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis indicates that consumption of apples is associated with a reduced risk of cancer in different anatomical sites. Keywords Cancer preventionApple intake Dietary Epidemiology Meta-analysis Cancer is a chronic degenerative disease causing major morbidity and mortality in Western countries. It has been estimated that in the year 2012, 14·1 million new cancer cases were diagnosed and 8·2 million cancer deaths were established (1) . The overall age-standardized cancer incidence rates vary three-to fivefold across different regions of the world (2) . These variations may be related to different modifiable risk and preventive factors among which diet may play a central role. It has been estimated that about one-third of all cancer could be avoidable by changes in eating habits (3) .Foods of plant origin have received particular interest over the years as potential cancer-preventive components of a healthy diet. Fruit and vegetables contain a myriad of bioactive phytochemicals that, through various molecular mechanisms, show chemopreventive properties in both in...

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“…WCRF-AICR (World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research Joint Committee) [55] as well as COMA (Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy) [56] have concluded that fruit and vegetable consumption clearly has a protective effect on the development of oesophageal cancer. Hajizadeh et al found a protective effect of fruit (but not vegetable) consumption on the incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma [57]. The present study analyzed potential protective effects of fresh fruit and vegetable consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of selected risk factors for development of oesophageal cancer

et al. 2012

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AbstractA hospital-based analytical observational case-control study of 88 oesophageal cancer cases and 200 controls was conducted in the University Hospital Olomouc. A standardized questionnaire was used. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) are calculated by logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios for tobacco smoking were 6.20 (95% CI 2.78–13.83), 10.64 (95% CI 3.46–32.72) and 3.53 (95% CI 1.26–9.88) for oesophageal cancer, for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. An inverse association with overweight and obesity was found in both histological types. In adenocarcinoma, there was a relatively strong positive association with a statistically significant result for alcohol consumption only in a group consuming more than 300 g of alcohol weekly; the OR was 5.81 (95% CI 1.17–28.84). The strong, statistically significant association was found in alcohol consumption regardless of histological type: the OR was 4.41 (95% CI 1.09–17.84). In a group with 20 or more X-ray exposures, there was a very strong statistically significant positive association. In vegetable consumption, an inverse association was found that was statistically significant only if more than 8 portions of vegetables were eaten weekly, ORs were 0.02–0.11.

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Fruits and Vegetables Consumption and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Trend of the Esophageal Cancer Incidence in IRAN

Trend of the Esophageal Cancer Incidence in IRAN

Apple intake and cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

The role of selected risk factors for development of oesophageal cancer

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