FTIR measurements of functional groups and organic mass in aerosol samples over the Caribbean

Maria, Steven F.; Russell, Lynn M.; Turpin, Barbara J.; Porcja, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00654-4

Cited by 208 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Bruns et al (2010) suggest that ON molecules can only be unambiguously identified by high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) when the ratio of ON groups to inorganic nitrate is larger than 3:20 to 3:5, which is 2 to 7 times higher than reported ratio of organic-to-inorganic nitrate measured in the atmosphere (Day et al 2010). An alternative method of measuring the OM chemical composition is Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Maria et al 2002). Measuring particle-phase ON groups using FTIR can be traced back to the 1990s (Allen et al 1994), but quantification of ON group mass was not possible until recently (Day et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

Liu

Shilling

Song

et al. 2012

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Organonitrate (ON) groups are thought to be important substituents in secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Model simulations and laboratory studies indicate a large fraction of ON groups in aerosol particles, but much lower quantities are observed in the atmosphere. Hydrolysis of ON groups in aerosol particles has been proposed recently to account for this discrepancy. To test this hypothesis, we simulated formation of ON molecules in a reaction chamber under a wide range of relative humidity (RH) (0 to 90%). The mass fraction of ON groups (5 to 20% for high-NO x experiments) consistently decreased with increasing RH, which was best explained by hydrolysis of ON groups at a rate of 4 day −1 (lifetime of 6 h) for reactions under RH greater than 20%. In addition, we found that secondary nitrogen-containing molecules absorb light, with greater absorption under dry and high-NO x conditions. This work provides the first evidence for particle-phase hydrolysis of ON groups, a process that could substantially reduce ON group concentration in atmospheric SOAs.

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confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

Liu

Shilling

Song

et al. 2012

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Maria et al [16] used FTIR coupled with a four-solvent rinsing procedure to determine the concentrations and solubility of organic functional groups and inorganic ions in submicron aerosol particles collected at three altitude ranges in the atmosphere over Caribbean. The FTIR absorbance of functional groups was used to quantify moles of specific bonds in the aerosol samples based on the prior-known absorption per mole of each bond obtained from the standards.…”

Section: Aerosol Research By Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting FTIR spectra of the samples after each rinsing were compared to determine the fractions of organic components with different solubility. Maria et al [16] also used the measured moles of bonds to estimate the OC and OM mass, which further extended the application of FTIR in the area of organic aerosol analysis. However, only two functional groups, alkane and carbonyl, were considered in that study for OC and OM estimation.…”

Section: Aerosol Research By Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With reference to the studies of Maria et al [16] [17], Gilardoni et al [19] [20] conducted two studies to estimate functional group compositions of ambient aerosols at various platforms during different sampling campaigns by FTIR. The organic functional groups, such as non-acid organic hydroxyl C-OH group, aromatic C=CH group, aliphatic unsaturated C=C-H group, aliphatic saturated C-C-H group, non-acid carbonyl C=O group, carboxylic acid COOH group, and amine NH 2 group, were identified in their studies.…”

Section: Aerosol Research By Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy in Analysis of Organic Aerosols

Cao¹,

Yan²,

Zou³

et al. 2018

SAR

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This paper reviews the studies of using FTIR to investigate the components of aerosols produced in smog chamber experiments and collected in atmosphere. The fact that aerosols are mixture of small amount of countless individual compounds makes the analysis of aerosol constituents very challenging. Although a number of advanced instruments have been applied to the chemical characterization of aerosol components, the majority of aerosol components, particularly the organics, remain unknown. Being supplemental to the traditional quantitative instruments, FTIR has been recently used either individually or combining with other analytical instruments to characterize the components of aerosol particles. This paper aims to show how FTIR is applied to analysis of organic aerosols in current literature and to summarize the FTIR characteristic peak frequencies that are widely seen in the FTIR measurement of organic aerosols. It will be greatly helpful to researchers whose studies are focused on the analysis of aerosol components.

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“…Atmospheric particulate matters (PMs), also known as particulate matters or atmospheric aerosol, are considered to be one of the most serious pollutants and cause serious health issues, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and even mortality (Yuan et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2016a;Tao et al, 2014;Nguyen et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Qu et al, 2016;Pui et al, 2014;Maria et al, 2002). With the rapidly increasing amount of vehicles in use, automobile exhaust gases are becoming the main sources of PMs in urban areas (Goel and Guttikunda, 2015;Calvo et al, 2013;Karar and Gupta, 2007;Liu et al, 2016a;Kleeman et al, 2000;Police et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectral chemical fingerprints reveal the molecular dependence of exhaust particulate matters on engine speeds

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2018

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Available online xxxxParticulate matters (PMs) emitted by automobile exhaust contribute to a significant fraction of the global PMs. Extractive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (EAPCI-MS) was developed to explore the molecular dependence of PMs collected from exhaust gases produced at different vehicle engine speeds. The mass spectral fingerprints of the organic compounds embedded in differentially sized PMs (e.g., 0.22-0.45, 0.45-1.00, 1.00-2.00, 2.00-3.00, 3.00-5.00, and 5.00-10.00 μm) generated at different engine speeds (e.g., 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 r/min) were chemically profiled in the mass range of mass to charge ratio (m/z) 50-800. Organic compounds, including alcohols, aldehydes, and esters, were detected in all the PMs tested, with varied concentration levels for each individual PM sample. At relatively low engine speeds (≤ 1500 r/min), the total amount of organic species embedded in PMs of 0.22-1.00 μm was greater than in PMs of other sizes, while more organic species were found in PMs of 5.00-10.00 μm at high engine speeds (≥3000 r/min), indicating that the organic compounds distributed in different sizes of PMs strongly correlated with the engine speed. The experimental data showed that the EAPCI-MS technique enables molecular characterization of PMs in exhaust, revealing the chemical dependence of PMs on the engine speeds (i.e., the combustion conditions) of automobiles.

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FTIR measurements of functional groups and organic mass in aerosol samples over the Caribbean

Cited by 208 publications

References 25 publications

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy in Analysis of Organic Aerosols

Mass spectral chemical fingerprints reveal the molecular dependence of exhaust particulate matters on engine speeds

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