Fucoidan alleviates dyslipidemia and modulates gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced mice

Liu, Min; Ma, Lin; Chen, Qichao; Zhang, Pengyu; Cc, Chao; Jia, Lilin; Li, Huajun

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.006

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Alloprevotella is an SCFA-producing genus that produces moderate levels of acetic acid and major amounts of succinic acid and has saccharolytic properties ( Downes et al, 2013 ). In the current study, genus Alloprevotella positively related to host growth, which was consistent with the findings of Liu et al (2018) , who suggested that a high abundance of Alloprevotella in the gut after feeding fucoidan can improve the physical health of mice such as by alleviating dyslipidemia. Previous studies have suggested that Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 also benefits the host by protecting against diabetes and elevating intestinal SCFA levels ( Andrade et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening of Microbes Associated With Swine Growth and Fat Deposition Traits Across the Intestinal Tract

Tang

Xin

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Pigs, as one of the most common livestock species worldwide, are expected to have a fast growth rate and lower subcutaneous fatness but higher intramuscular fat ("marbling meat"). Nowadays, it is believed that not only host genetics but also its gut microbiomes can modulate farm animal phenotypes, however, many of the mechanisms remain elusive. We measured the body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT), and intramuscular fatness (IMF) of 91 Enshi pigs at 260 days of age, then genotyped each one individually using a 50K single nucleotide polymorphism array and performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on 455 microbial samples from the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum. The microbial diversity showed notable spatial variation across the entire intestinal tract, with the cecum and colon having the highest α-diversity. The cecal and colonic microbiotas made greater contributions to BW and ADG and accounted for 22-37% of the phenotypic variance. The jejunal and cecal microbiotas contributed more (13-31%) to the BFT and IMF than the other segments. Finally, from cecum, colon, and jejunum, we identified eight microbial taxa that were significantly correlated with the target traits. The genera Alloprevotella and Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 were highly positively correlated with BW and ADG. The genera Prevotellaceae UCG-001 and Alistipes in the cecum and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in the jejunum were highly positively correlated with BFT and IMF. The genera Stenotrophomonas, Sphaerochaeta, and Desulfovibrio were negatively associated with the mentioned traits. These findings could aid in developing strategies for manipulating the gut microbiota to alter production performance in pigs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening of Microbes Associated With Swine Growth and Fat Deposition Traits Across the Intestinal Tract

Tang

Xin

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…As the liver controls blood lipid metabolism, we detected related indicators and found that the levels of CHO and LDL-C were decreased in the HFD+CSP group compared with the HFD group, and these CHO-related indices were consistent with some studies on the effect of prebiotics on antiobesity and related diseases [34,35]. As a result of long-term HFD intake, LDL receptor activity was inhibited in the liver, so the concentrations of LDL-C in the HFD +CSP group and HFD group were both higher than those in the NCD group (Fig 3A and 3C).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps Sinensis contribute to the progression of NASH by modifying the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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Various dietary fibers are considered to prevent obesity by modulating the gut microbiota. Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide (CSP) is a soluble dietary fiber known to have protective effects against obesity and related diseases, but whether these effects induce any side effects remains unknown. The function and safety of CSP were tested in high-fat diet (HFD)-feding C57BL/6J mice. The results revealed that even though CSP supplementation could prevent an increase in body weight, it aggravated liver fibrosis and steatosis as evidenced by increased inflammation, lipid metabolism markers, insulin resistance (IR) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in HFD-induced obesity. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota composition, and the relative abundance of the Actinobacteria phylum, including the Olsenella genus, was significantly higher in CSP-treated mice than in HFD-fed mice. CSP supplementation may increase the proportion of Actinobacteria, which can degrade CSP. The high level of Actinobacteria aggravated the disorder of the intestinal flora and contributed to the progression from obesity to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related diseases.

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“…A similar study was carried out in mice fed a HFD for 8 weeks and supplemented by gavage with 50 or 100 mg/kg/d of fucoidan ( 80 ). Fucoidan amplified the reduction of alpha-diversity induced by the HFD, decreased the Firmicutes phylum and increased Proteobacteria.…”

Section: The Algal Ps As Prebiotic Candidatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pros and Cons of Using Algal Polysaccharides as Prebiotics

et al. 2020

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Macroalgae stand out for their high content of dietary fiber (30–75%) that include soluble, sulfated (fucoidan, agaran, carrageenan, and ulvan) and non-sulfated (laminaran and alginate) polysaccharides. Many studies indicate that these compounds exert varied biological activities and health-promoting effects and for this reason, there is a growing interest for using them in food products. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate prebiotic properties of algal polysaccharides, i.e., their ability to exert biological activities by modulating the composition and/or diversity of gut microbiota (GM). Pre-clinical studies show that the non-sulfated alginate and laminaran are well-fermented by GM, promoting the formation of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate, and preventing that of harmful putrefactive compounds (NH 3 , phenol, p -cresol, indole and H 2 S). Alginate increases Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium , and Lactobacillus species while laminaran mostly stimulates Bacteroides sp. Results with sulfated polysaccharides are more questionable. Agarans are poorly fermentable but agarose-oligosaccharides exhibit an interesting prebiotic potential, increasing butyrate-producing bacteria and SCFAs. Though carrageenan-oligosaccharides are also fermented, their use is currently limited due to safety concerns. Regarding fucoidan, only one study reports SCFAs production, suggesting that it is poorly fermented. Its effect on GM does not indicate a clear pattern, making difficult to conclude whether it is beneficial or not. Notably, fucoidan impact on H 2 S production has not been evaluated, though some studies report it increases sulfate-reducing bacteria. Ulvan is badly fermented by GM and some studies show that part of its sulfate is dissimilated to H 2 S, which could affect colonic mitochondrial function. Accordingly, these results support the use of laminaran, alginate and agaro-oligosaccharides as prebiotics while more studies are necessary regarding that of fucoidan, carrageenan and ulvan. However, the realization of clinical trials is necessary to confirm such prebiotic properties in humans.

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Fucoidan alleviates dyslipidemia and modulates gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced mice

Cited by 61 publications

References 47 publications

Screening of Microbes Associated With Swine Growth and Fat Deposition Traits Across the Intestinal Tract

Screening of Microbes Associated With Swine Growth and Fat Deposition Traits Across the Intestinal Tract

Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps Sinensis contribute to the progression of NASH by modifying the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet

The Pros and Cons of Using Algal Polysaccharides as Prebiotics

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