Fuel properties and emissions of soybean oil esters as diesel fuel

Abstract

The effects of using blends of methyl and isopropyl esters of soybean oil with No. 2 diesel fuel were studied at several steady‐state operating conditions in a four‐cylinder turbocharged diesel engine. Fuel blends that contained 20, 50, and 70% methyl soyate and 20 and 50% isopropyl soyate were tested. Fuel properties, such as cetane number, also were investigated. Both methyl and isopropyl esters provided significant reductions in particulate emissions compared with No. 2 diesel fuel. A blend of 50% methyl ester and 50% No. 2 diesel fuel provided a reduction of 37% in the carbon portion of the particulates and 25% in the total particulates. The 50% blend of isopropyl ester and 50% No. 2 diesel fuel gave a 55% reduction in carbon and a 28% reduction in total particulate emissions. Emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons also were reduced significantly. Oxides of nitrogen increased by 12%.

Analysis of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from the compression ignition engine fueled by diesel–biodiesel blend and diesel oil using gas chromatography

“…The results in the present work showed an appreciable reduction in the emissions. A reduction in VOC was observed in some other experimental papers cited in the literature [18][19][20][21]. The values found by these authors ranged from 22% to 38%, 29%, 21.5% and 21%.…”

Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

“…Direct application of vegetable oils in engines creates some problems due to their high viscosity and low volatility. It has been proposed that the transesterification process is one of the promising methods to convert vegetable oil to fatty acid alkyl ester which can be used in existing diesel fuel-based engines (Puhan et al 2005;Chang et al 1996). The factors which affect the transesterification process are the methanol-to-oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature and free fatty acid contents (Balat 2008;Demirbas 2003).…”

Alternativas para a agregação de valor aos resíduos da industrialização de peixe

“…O biodiesel é um combustível para motor a combustão interna, com ignição por compressão, renovável e biodegradável, derivado de óleos vegetais ou de gorduras animais, que pode substituir, parcial ou totalmente, o óleo diesel de origem fóssil (ANP, 2008), com a vantagem de ser menos poluente que este (Chang et al, 1996); é obtido a partir da reação química de óleos ou gorduras com um álcool primá-rio, na presença de um catalisador (reação conhecida como transesterificação) (Costa Neto et al, 2000), sendo submetido posteriormente a etapas de purificação (Lima, 2004).…”