Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from Pruning of Oxytree

Świechowski, Kacper; Liszewski, Marek; Bąbelewski, P.; Kozieł, Jacek A.; Białowiec, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/data4020055

Cited by 26 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These OMs are much lower than those reported in related torrefaction studies for pruned biomass of Paulownia (90%) [45], or brewery spent grain (96%) [46].…”

Section: Proximate Analyses Of Elephant Dung and Biocoalscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Waste to Carbon: Biocoal from Elephant Dung as New Cooking Fuel

et al. 2019

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The paper presents, for the first time, the results of fuel characteristics of biochars from torrefaction (a.k.a., roasting or low-temperature pyrolysis) of elephant dung (manure). Elephant dung could be processed and valorized by torrefaction to produce fuel with improved qualities for cooking. The work aimed to examine the possibility of using torrefaction to (1) valorize elephant waste and to (2) determine the impact of technological parameters (temperature and duration of the torrefaction process) on the waste conversion rate and fuel properties of resulting biochar (biocoal). In addition, the influence of temperature on the kinetics of the torrefaction and its energy consumption was examined. The lab-scale experiment was based on the production of biocoals at six temperatures (200–300 °C; 20 °C interval) and three process durations of the torrefaction (20, 40, 60 min). The generated biocoals were characterized in terms of moisture content, organic matter, ash, and higher heating values. In addition, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were also used for process kinetics assessment. The results show that torrefaction is a feasible method for elephant dung valorization and it could be used as fuel. The process temperature ranging from 200 to 260 °C did not affect the key fuel properties (high heating value, HHV, HHVdaf, regardless of the process duration), i.e., important practical information for proposed low-tech applications. However, the higher heating values of the biocoal decreased above 260 °C. Further research is needed regarding the torrefaction of elephant dung focused on scaling up, techno-economic analyses, and the possibility of improving access to reliable energy sources in rural areas.

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“…These OMs are much lower than those reported in related torrefaction studies for pruned biomass of Paulownia (90%) [45], or brewery spent grain (96%) [46].…”

Section: Proximate Analyses Of Elephant Dung and Biocoalscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Waste to Carbon: Biocoal from Elephant Dung as New Cooking Fuel

et al. 2019

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“…Swiechowski et al [17,18] examined properties of BC obtained from torrefaction of Oxytree (Paulownia Clon in Vitro 112) pruning residues as a function of torrefaction temperature and time, with the process temperature also ranging from 200 to 300 • C and time ranging from 20 to 60 min. Biochar yields ranged from 52% to 98%, with the lowest yield at the highest temperature and the longest time of torrefaction.…”

Section: Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

2019

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When it comes to the use of biochar in agriculture, the majority of research conducted in the last decade has focused on its application as a soil amendment and for soil remediation. This treatment improves soil quality, increases crops yields, and sequestrates atmospheric carbon to the soil. Another widely studied aspect connecting biochar with agriculture is the composting processes of various agricultural waste with the addition of biochar. Obtaining the material via the pyrolysis of agricultural waste, including animal manure, has also been investigated. However, given the remarkable properties of biochar, its application potential could be utilized in other areas not yet thoroughly investigated. This review paper summarizes the last decade of research on biochar and its use in crop agriculture and livestock production. Knowledge gaps are highlighted, such as using biochar for the mitigation of odorous emissions from animal manure and by feeding the biochar to animals.

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“…Torrefaction of waste is a growing research area. Examples include fractions of industrial and municipal wastes [27,37], sewage sludge [38], brewers' spent grain [39], Oxytree biomass [40] prunings, woodchips, olives waste, and Virginia mallow (considered as a potential energy crop) [22]. High-quality fuels can be obtained due to the torrefaction process.…”

Section: Parameter Unit Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

2019

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Poland, being the 3rd largest and growing producer of mushrooms in the world, generates almost 25% of the total European production. The generation rate of waste mushroom spent compost (MSC) amounts to 5 kg per 1 kg of mushrooms produced. We proposed the MSC treatment via torrefaction for the production of solid fuel—biocoal. In this research, we examined the MSC torrefaction kinetics using thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and we tested the influence of torrefaction temperature within the range from 200 to 300 °C and treatment time lasting from 20 to 60 min on the resulting biocoal’s (fuel) properties. The estimated value of the torrefaction activation energy of MSC was 22.3 kJ mol−1. The highest calorific value = 17.9 MJ kg−1 d.m. was found for 280 °C (60 min torrefaction time). A significant (p < 0.05) influence of torrefaction temperature on HHV increase within the same group of torrefaction duration, i.e., 20, 40, or 60 min, was observed. The torrefaction duration significantly (p < 0.05) increased the HHV for 220 °C and decreased HHV for 300 °C. The highest mass yield (98.5%) was found for 220 °C (60 min), while the highest energy yield was found for 280 °C (60 min). In addition, estimations of the biocoal recirculation rate to maintain the heat self-sufficiency of MSC torrefaction were made. The net quantity of biocoal (torrefied MSC; 65.3% moisture content) and the 280 °C (60 min) torrefaction variant was used. The initial mass and energy balance showed that MSC torrefaction might be feasible and self-sufficient for heat when ~43.6% of produced biocoal is recirculated to supply the heat for torrefaction. Thus, we have shown a concept for an alternative utilization of abundant biowaste (MSC). This research provides a basis for alternative use of an abundant biowaste and can help charting improved, sustainable mushroom production.

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Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from Pruning of Oxytree

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Waste to Carbon: Biocoal from Elephant Dung as New Cooking Fuel

Waste to Carbon: Biocoal from Elephant Dung as New Cooking Fuel

A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

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