Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Nigerian Adults

Comella-del-Barrio, Patricia; Bimba, John S.; Adelakun, Ramota; Kontogianni, Konstantina; Molina-Moya, Bárbara; Osazuwa, Okoedoh; Creswell, Jacob; Cuevas, Luís E.; Domínguez, José

doi:10.3390/jcm10112514

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…After full-text screening of the remaining studies, five were excluded because they were reviews, two were excluded because they did not evaluate the diagnostic value of FujiLAM, and one article was excluded because there were potentially repeat data (Figure 1). Finally, a total of nine articles that described the value of FujiLAM in the diagnosis of TB patients were identified (11)(12)(13)(14)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)). Among them, three studies reported the diagnostic value of FujiLAM in pediatric patients with TB, while the rest were the diagnostic value of FujiLAM in adult patients with TB.…”

Section: General Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of FujiLAM in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xiang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Background: Timely and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) remains a major challenge. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a specific component of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is also a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of TB. Recently, the Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM test (FujiLAM), as a novel urine lateral flow LAM test, was developed for the diagnosis of TB and is convenient and timely. Because of a difference in the diagnostic value of FujiLAM in the original studies, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the diagnostic value of FujiLAM in TB.Data Sources: We performed a literature search using the PubMed and EMBASE databases and commercial Internet search engines to identify studies.Methods: Searches of databases using relevant terms (“tuberculosis” or “TB”) and (“Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM” or “FujiLAM”) were performed. Screening, study reviewing, data extracting and assessing data quality was performed independently by two reviewers. We calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. To minimize potential heterogeneity, we performed subgroup analyses.Results: Nine articles were included in the meta-analysis. When using the microbiological reference standard (MRS), the results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of FujiLAM were 0.70 and 0.93, respectively, in adults with TB, while the sensitivity and specificity of FujiLAM in children with TB were 0.51 and 0.87. When using a comprehensive reference standard (CRS), the sensitivity and specificity of FujiLAM in adults with TB were 0.59 and 0.96, respectively, while the results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of FujiLAM in children with TB were 0.27 and 0.86, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that FujiLAM had higher diagnostic sensitivity in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection or CD4 cell counts < 200 cells/μL, both in adults and children.Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that FujiLAM has a high value in the diagnosis of adults with TB.

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Section: General Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of FujiLAM in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xiang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…The 2018 Cameroon Health Facility Assessment reported that the availability of TB services is significantly less than for HIV and malaria, for example, as an estimated 93% of health facilities offer HIV services, and 99% offer malaria services [23]. In contrast to HIV, malaria, and COVID-19, there is not yet any currently available rapid, inexpensive point-of-care diagnostic test recommended for TB, although new point-of-care diagnostics show promise, including urine LAM testing [24]. This analysis had several limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-Pathway Analysis of Tuberculosis Services in Cameroon

et al. 2021

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In Cameroon, in 2019, tuberculosis (TB) treatment coverage was estimated at 53%, indicating that almost half of all people sick with TB were not diagnosed or linked to care. To inform strategies to improve access to TB services, we conducted an evaluation of the alignment between patient-initiated care-seeking behavior and spatial and institutional allocation of TB services. Data sources included the Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey (2018), the Health Facility List (2017), and routinely collected TB surveillance data. Data visualization was performed in Tableau and QGIS. The pathway analysis showed that only an estimated 9% of people attended a health facility providing TB services at initial care-seeking, with access varying from <3% to 16% across the ten regions of the country. While 72% of government and 56% of private hospitals (Level 2 facilities) provide TB services, most Cameroonians (87%) initially chose primary care (Level 1) or informal private sector sites (Level 0) without TB services. The gaps were greatest in regions with the highest prevalence of poverty, a significant determinant for TB. These results indicate that access may be improved by expanding TB services at both public and private facilities across the country, prioritizing regions with the greatest gaps.

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“…A Nigerian study found similar sensitivities of FujiLAM in HIV-infected and -uninfected adults (66 and 70%, respectively), whereas a study in Zambia found a sensitivity of 75% in both HIV-infected and -uninfected groups [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Currently Available Point-of-care Tests (Poct) For Childhood...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urine is a readily available and non-invasive specimen, and therefore particularly useful for the diagnosis of TB in patients unable to expectorate sputum, such as children, the elderly and adults without a productive cough [ 13 , 84 ]. In addition to the aforementioned AlereLAM and FujiLAM, other rapid urine-based tests for the diagnosis of TB are currently being developed.…”

Section: Pipeline and Developments Of Point-of-care Tests For The Dia...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children

et al. 2022

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In childhood tuberculosis (TB), with an estimated 69% of missed cases in children under 5 years of age, the case detection gap is larger than in other age groups, mainly due to its paucibacillary nature and children’s difficulties in delivering sputum specimens. Accurate and accessible point-of-care tests (POCTs) are needed to detect TB disease in children and, in turn, reduce TB-related morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population. In recent years, several POCTs for TB have been developed. These include new tools to improve the detection of TB in respiratory and gastric samples, such as molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and portable polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based GeneXpert. In addition, the urine-based detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM), as well as imaging modalities through point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), are currently the POCTs in use. Further to this, artificial intelligence-based interpretation of ultrasound imaging and radiography is now integrated into computer-aided detection products. In the future, portable radiography may become more widely available, and robotics-supported ultrasound imaging is currently being trialed. Finally, novel blood-based tests evaluating the immune response using “omic-“techniques are underway. This approach, including transcriptomics, metabolomic, proteomics, lipidomics and genomics, is still distant from being translated into POCT formats, but the digital development may rapidly enhance innovation in this field. Despite these significant advances, TB-POCT development and implementation remains challenged by the lack of standard ways to access non-sputum-based samples, the need to differentiate TB infection from disease and to gain acceptance for novel testing strategies specific to the conditions and settings of use.

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Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Nigerian Adults

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

The Value of FujiLAM in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Value of FujiLAM in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Patient-Pathway Analysis of Tuberculosis Services in Cameroon

Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children

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