Fullerene-MWCNT nanostructured-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of Vanillin as food additive

Abstract

In this paper, a simple, economical, selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor is proposed for the quantification of vanillin (VAN) in real food samples. It consists of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) nanostructured with Fullerene (FNTs) and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The developed electroanalytical method was performed with cyclic voltammetry after optimization of operating conditions, such as supporting electrolytes, pH values and accumulation time. After optimization, the nanostructured sensor showed wide linear responses in the range from 5x10 -8 to 9x10 -6 mol.L -1 for VAN trace levels and from 10 -5 to 10 -4 mol.L -1 for higher concentrations, with a low detection limit of 3.4x10 -8 mol.L -1 . For concentrations lower than 10 -5 mol.L -1 , VAN was stripped after a previous quick adsorption step (300 s). The f-MWCNTs-FNTs/CPE sensor showed a good stability, repeatability and reproducibility (less than 7 %). This nanostructured sensor was successfully applied to determine VAN concentration as additive in commercial vanilla sugar samples with a satisfactory recovery and a good accuracy (< 6.5 %) in comparison with UPLC/UV control method.

Electrochemical Analysis of Food additive Vanillin using Poly (Aspartic Acid) Modified Graphene and Graphite composite Paste Sensor

“…[3] Apart from its culinary flavorings uses, it is also used for pharmaceutical formulations in lower concentrations for having properties like antioxidant, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, antisickling, and hypolipidemic. [4,5] Consumption of higher concentrations of it afflicts human health like migraine, headaches, nausea, vomiting, insomnia and also cytotoxic to the cells. [6,7] The toxicity is observed when its consumption is more than 75 mg/kg.…”

“…As there is demand globally, VLN was synthetically synthesized by using low‐cost raw materials eugenol, lignin and 2‐methoxy phenol [3] . Apart from its culinary flavorings uses, it is also used for pharmaceutical formulations in lower concentrations for having properties like antioxidant, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, antisickling, and hypolipidemic [4,5] . Consumption of higher concentrations of it afflicts human health like migraine, headaches, nausea, vomiting, insomnia and also cytotoxic to the cells [6,7] .…”

Tetrahedrally Structured CaMoO4 Nanospheres on Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Sensitive Food Additive Electrochemical Sensors

“…9 In 1967, the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additive (JECFA) established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for Vanillin of 10 mg/kg and later approved it as a flavoring in 2001. 10,11 To enhance food safety and addiction prevention, particularly in young children, it is necessary to achieve a rapid and quantitative determination method for Vanillin. People are increasingly reliant on electrochemical sensors, especially for food analysis.…”

“…Despite this, excessive use of supine can have adverse effects on health, including nausea, vomiting, headaches, kidney impairment, and liver dysfunction. − By inducing a persistent appetite through its seductive odor, excess consumption of Vanillin can cause a vicious cycle of weight gain . In 1967, the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additive (JECFA) established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for Vanillin of 10 mg/kg and later approved it as a flavoring in 2001. , …”

Conductive phthalocyanine-based porous organic polymer as sensing platform for rapid determination of vanillin

“…This limitation is circumvented by employing synthetic chemical and biotechnological production methods, facilitating large-scale Van manufacturing. [6][7][8] In addition to its industrial uses, Van has demonstrated health-promoting effects, including aiding the treatment of depression, petit mal epilepsy, and sickle cell anemia. [9][10][11] Nevertheless, overconsumption of Van is associ-ated with negative health impacts such as headaches, nausea, allergic responses, and liver and kidney impairment.…”