Fully coupled “online” chemistry within the WRF model

Grell, Georg; Peckham, Steven E.; Schmitz, Rainer; McKeen, S. A.; Frost, G. J.; Skamarock, William C.; Eder, Brian K.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.027

Cited by 3,178 publications

(2,390 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

2,334

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The WRF model has been used in many regional air quality and climate studies (e.g., Fast et al, 2006 andLeung et al, 2006;Wang and Liu, 2009;Qian et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2009) including some over Africa (e.g., Vigaud et al, 2009;Zhao et al, 2010). In this study, we use a version of WRF (WRF-Chem) that simulates trace gases and particulates simultaneously with the meteorological fields (Grell et al, 2005). Zhao et al (2010) investigated the sensitivity of the WRF-Chem simulated dust radiative forcings to dust emission and aerosol schemes and evaluated the model results using data from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) campaign, which is a major international campaign in 2006 to improve understanding of climate, monsoon, and hydrological cycle of West Africa and the impacts from aerosols (Redelsperger et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The radiative forcing of dust and its impact on precipitation over the West Africa monsoon (WAM) region is simulated using a coupled meteorology and aerosol/chemistry model (WRF-Chem). During the monsoon season, dust is a dominant contributor to aerosol optical depth (AOD) over West Africa. In the control simulation, on 24-h domain average, dust has a cooling effect (−6.11 W m −2 ) at the surface, a warming effect (6.94 W m −2 ) in the atmosphere, and a relatively small TOA forcing (0.83 W m −2 ). Dust modifies the surface energy budget and atmospheric diabatic heating. As a result, atmospheric stability is increased in the daytime and reduced in the nighttime, leading to a reduction of late afternoon precipitation by up to 0.14 mm/h (25%) and an increase of nocturnal and early morning precipitation by up to 0.04 mm/h (45%) over the WAM region. Dust-induced reduction of diurnal precipitation variation improves the simulated diurnal cycle of precipitation when compared to measurements. However, daily precipitation is only changed by a relatively small amount (−0.17 mm/day or −4%). The dust-induced change of WAM precipitation is not sensitive to interannual monsoon variability. On the other hand, sensitivity simulations with weaker to stronger absorbing dust (in order to represent the uncertainty in dust solar absorptivity) show that, at the lower atmosphere, dust longwave warming effect in the nighttime surpasses its shortwave cooling effect in the daytime; this leads to a less stable atmosphere associated with more convective precipitation in the nighttime. As a result, the dust-induced change of daily WAM precipitation varies from a significant reduction of −0.52 mm/day (−12%, weaker absorbing dust) to a small increase of 0.03 mm/day (1%, stronger absorbing dust). This variation originates from the competition between dust impact on daytime and nightCorrespondence to: C. Zhao (chun.zhao@pnl.gov) time precipitation, which depends on dust shortwave absorption. Dust reduces the diurnal variation of precipitation regardless of its absorptivity, but more reduction is associated with stronger absorbing dust.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ackermann et al, 1998;Vignati et al, 2004) have been incorporated in climate models (e.g. Grell et al, 2005;Lauer et al, 2005;Stier et al, 2005). Sectional aerosol models used in 3-D studies (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol distribution over Europe: a model evaluation study with detailed aerosol microphysics

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper summarizes an evaluation of model simulations with a regional scale atmospheric climatechemistry/aerosol model called REMOTE, which has been extended by a microphysical aerosol module. Model results over Europe are presented and compared with available measurements in surface air focusing on the European distribution and variability of primary and secondary aerosols. Additionally, model results obtained with detailed aerosol microphysics are compared to those based on an aerosol bulk mass approach revealing the impact of dry deposition fluxes on atmospheric burden concentration. An improved determination of elevated ozone and sulfate concentrations could be achieved by considering a diurnal cycle in the anthropogenic emission fluxes. Deviation between modelled and measured organic carbon concentrations can be mainly explained by missing formation of secondary organic aerosols and deficiencies in emission data. Changing residential heating practices in Europe, where the use of wood is no longer restricted to rural areas, need to be considered in emission inventories as well as vegetation fire emissions which present a dominant source of organic carbon.

show abstract

“…The detailed MEA oxidation scheme was integrated into the state-of-the-art model WRF--Chem (Grell et al, 2005) for dispersion simulations with high horizontal and vertical resolution of the lower atmosphere. In the present study model simulation results obtained for July 2007, the month with the highest photochemical reactivity in the region of Bergen, west coast of Norway, were was analysed.…”

Section: Modelling the Dispersion And Photo-oxidation Of Meamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WRF--Chem model (Grell et al, 2005) consists of a mesoscale meteorological model (WRF) inline coupled with a chemistry module. Atmospheric transport of chemical species and moisture variables is computed inline through the Advanced Research WRF (ARW), using a spatially 5th order evaluation of the horizontal fluxes and a 3rd order representation of the vertical flux divergence coupled to a Runge-Kutta time integration scheme.…”

Section: Description Of Wrf--chem Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dispersion of MEA, released from the PCCP, in space and time, with ongoing chemical oxidation, transport, dry and wet deposition, leads to a complex spatiotemporal distribution of the amine and its oxidation products with currently unknown inhalation exposure of the population. Additionally, generated compounds are expected to be hazardous at concentration levels that are currently difficult or impossible to detect and quantify even with most advanced analytical instruments.The detailed MEA oxidation scheme was integrated into the state-of-the-art model WRF--Chem (Grell et al, 2005) for dispersion simulations with high horizontal and vertical resolution of the lower atmosphere. In the present study model simulation results obtained for July 2007, the month with the highest photochemical reactivity in the region of Bergen, west coast of Norway, were was analysed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modelling atmospheric oxidation of 2-aminoethanol (MEA) emitted from post-combustion capture using WRF–Chem

Karl

Svendby

Walker

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limiting global warming to less than 2 °C relative to pre-industrial levels would require substantial cuts in anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (IPCC, 2014). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an important mitigation technology for reducing anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from industrial and energy-related point sources. In this process, CO 2 is captured, conditioned, compressed and transported to a storage location for long-term isolation from the atmosphere. Several problems can occur during CCS with impacts on the environment. Post-combustion capture from power plants entails emissions of pollutants, solvents and its degradation by-products to the atmosphere, emissions to water and generation of solid waste (e.g. Reynolds et al., 2012). During the further steps of the CCS chain, CO 2 release during transport in pipelines as well as the escape of injected CO 2 from the storage location to the atmosphere or groundwater pose risks to the environment (Koorneef et al., 2012).Modelling atmospheric oxidation of 2-aminoethanol (MEA) emitted from post-combustion capture using WRF--Chem AbstractCarbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technological solution that can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from the use of fossil fuel in power plants and other industries. A leading method today is amine based post-combustion capture, in which 2-aminoethanol (MEA) is one of the most studied absorption solvents. In this process, amines are released to the atmosphere through evaporation and entrainment from the CO 2 absorber column. Modelling is a key instrument for simulating the atmospheric dispersion and chemical transformation of MEA, and for projections of ground-level air concentrations and deposition rates. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting model inline coupled with chemistry, WRF--Chem, was applied to quantify the impact of using a comprehensive MEA photo-oxidation sequence compared to using a simplified MEA scheme. Main discrepancies were found for iminoethanol (roughly doubled in the detailed scheme) and 2-nitro aminoethanol, short MEA-nitramine (reduced by factor of two in the detailed scheme). The study indicates that MEA emissions from a full-scale capture plant can modify regional background levels of isocyanic acid. Predicted atmospheric concentrations of isocyanic acid were however below the limit value of 1 ppbv for ambient exposure. The dependence of the formation of hazardous compounds in the OH-initiated oxidation of MEA on ambient levels level of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) was studied in a scenario without NO x emissions from a refinery area in the vicinity of the capture plant. Hourly MEAnitramine peak concentrations higher than 40 pg m − 3 did only occur when NO x mixing ratios were above 2 ppbv. Therefore, the spatial variability and temporal variability of levels of OH and NO x need to be taken into account in the health risk assessment. The health risk due to direct emissions of nitrosamines and nitramines from full-scale CO 2 capture should be i...

show abstract

Fully coupled “online” chemistry within the WRF model

Cited by 3,178 publications

References 39 publications

Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa

Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa

Aerosol distribution over Europe: a model evaluation study with detailed aerosol microphysics

Modelling atmospheric oxidation of 2-aminoethanol (MEA) emitted from post-combustion capture using WRF–Chem

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About