Fully-covered slot-die-coated ZnO thin films for reproducible carbon-based perovskite solar cells

Khambunkoed, Nutcha; Homnan, Saowalak; Gardchareon, Atcharawon; Chattrapiban, Narupon; Songsiriritthigul, Prayoon; Wongratanaphisan, Duangmanee; Ruankham, Pipat

doi:10.1016/j.mssp.2021.106151

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Since the formation of desired morphology and crystallinity depends on the solvent removal rate, hot substrate coating was suggested at low temperatures (<100 °C). [ 165 ] Because thin layers ≈50 nm are needed; coating speed must be precisely controlled to achieve thin coatings but in full substrate coverage especially on rough surface substrates. Figure schematically illustrates the effect of the coating speed on the structure and coverage of slot‐die‐coated ZnO on FTO substrates.…”

Section: Charge Transporting Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Slot‐Die Coating for Scalable Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

Matondo,

Hu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Solution‐coating processes are promising methods to form active layers with low‐cost input in the industrial development of perovskite solar devices. Among available coating processes, of particular interest are those capable of producing uniform coatings with small defect distribution over large areas at high speeds, referred to as scalable methods. Slot‐die coating is one of these methods. It involves the meniscus coating of liquids or solutions over a static or moving substrate. This review discusses recent advances in slot‐die coating of active layers used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules (PSMs). Various strategies to control ink spreading over substrates, wet film drying, and post‐coating crystallization of light‐absorbing perovskite layer are outlined along with different approaches and materials used in post‐deposition defects healing. Then, commonly used solvents for perovskite ink formulation are analyzed based on their specific rheology and potential effect on human health and equipment safety. Also, precursor materials, solvents, and strategies to obtain desirable properties and morphology in the slot‐die coating of charge‐transporting layers are discussed. Lastly, an analysis of the performance of slot‐die coated perovskite solar mini‐modules and future perspectives on this topic conclude this review.

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Section: Charge Transporting Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field emission SEM images of layers coated at different speeds, increasing from b,f) to e,i) as indicated on each image.Red circled areas indicate pinoles. Reproduced with permission [165]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Slot‐Die Coating for Scalable Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

Matondo,

Hu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Besides, Khambunkoed et al achieved fully covered and compact ZnO ETL via a homemade slot-die coater setup on a three-axis CNC platform. With the optimized ZnO ETL, CPSCs offered the highest PCE of 10.81% [26].…”

Section: Etl/hbl For Cpscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells with electron and hole-transporting/-blocking layers

et al. 2023

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For commercialization, further reducing the cost and increasing the stability of perovskite solar cell (PSC) have been the most essential tasks for researchers, since the efficiency of single-junction PSCs has reached a competitive level among all kinds of single-junction solar cells. Carbon-electrode-based PSCs (CPSCs), as one of the most promising constructions for achieving stable economical PSCs, now attract enormous attention. Here, we briefly review the development of CPSCs and reveal the importance of the n-i-p architecture for state-of-the-art CPSCs. Despite the promise, challenges still exist in CPSCs of n-i-p architecture, which mainly steam from the incompact contact of hole transporting layer (HTL)/carbon electrode. Thus, new carbon materials and/or novel manufactural methods should be proposed. Specifically, HTL is yet to be appropriate for state-of-the-art CPSCs since the solution process of carbon electrode may destroy the underlayer. And for further enhance the performance of CPSCs, both HTL and electron transporting layer (ETL) as well as their interfaces with perovskite active layer need to be improved. Besides, we recommend that the perovskite active layer with long carrier lifetime, strong carrier transport capability and long-term stability is of significance as well. We highlight the current researches on CPSCs and provide a systematic review of various types of regulation tools.

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“…Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type, non-toxic, inorganic semiconductor and a potential candidate to replace conventional TiO 2 as an ETL because of its wide bandgap (∼3.2-3.4 eV), high electron mobility (∼200-300 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ), and easy fabrication methods. 120,121 ZnO ETL has been used in PSCs with different approaches described below.…”

Section: Zinc Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%